Abstract:

Microwave pyrolysis of biomass has the advantages of fast reaction rate and high energy utilization, but there are problems such as low product selectivity and low quality. Combined with the use of catalysts, it has the application potential for preparing high-value products. In this paper, the research progress of microwave catalyzed pyrolysis of biomass is reviewed, and the mechanism of microwave catalyzed pyrolysis, the reaction system, and the effects of pyrolysis products on the preparation of high value-added products are introduced. The mechanism of microwave catalytic pyrolysis is briefly described. The microwave catalytic pyrolysis system is discussed from three aspects of raw materials, microwave absorbers and catalysts. The difference in product yields of different types of raw materials and the difference in product selectivity of different catalysts are introduced. Different methods for improving product yield and selectivity are analyzed, and it is pointed out that optimizing and improving catalyst characteristics to make it have compound function, developing large-scale microwave reactor, product directional enrichment and conversion are still problems that need to be solved. It provides a reference for the production of hydrocarbon-rich bio-oil, high-performance bio-char and other products, and then promote to industrial applications.

Key words: biomass, microwave pyrolysis, microwave absorbent, catalyst, pyrolysis product

摘要：

生物质微波热解具有反应速率快、能量利用率高等优点，但存在产物选择性不高、品质较低等问题，结合催化剂使用，具有制备高值产品的应用潜力。本文对生物质微波催化热解的研究进展进行了综述，介绍了微波催化热解的机理、反应体系、热解产物等对制备高附加值产品的影响。简述了微波催化热解的机理，从原料、微波吸收剂、催化剂三个方面对微波催化热解体系进行讨论，介绍了不同种类原料对产物产率的差异、不同催化剂对于产物选择性的区别。分析了不同提高产物产率和选择性的方法，指出优化和改善催化剂特性使其具备复合功能、开发大型微波反应器、产物定向富集和转化是目前仍需解决的问题。为生产富烃生物油、高性能生物炭等产品，进而推广到工业应用提供参考。

关键词: 生物质, 微波热解, 微波吸收剂, 催化剂, 热解产物