Abstract:

Photocatalytic hydrogen production with pollutants as electron donors has become a new water treatment technology. While pollutants are degraded in the process, solar energy can be converted into clean hydrogen energy, which effectively alleviates the problems of environmental pollution and energy shortage. This article summarizes the main research achievements in this direction at home and abroad in recent years following the synergistic mechanism of photocatalytic hydrogen production and pollutant degradation, and then lists several commonly used catalysts. The effects of different operating parameters, such as pollutant species, catalyst types and composition, microstructure of catalyst, catalyst dosage, pH, pollutant concentration, different ions and other coexisting substances in the solution, reaction temperature and light intensity, on the photocatalytic degradation rate and hydrogen evolution activity are also discussed. Finally, it is pointed out that the photocatalytic water treatment with pollutants as electronic donors still faces the challenges of few options and low hydrogen production efficiency in the selection of photocatalytic materials, and the exploration of reaction influencing factors is still insufficient. It is also suggested that the multi-unit water treatment system integrating multiple processes should be a mainstream water treatment mode in the future.

Key words: photochemistry, catalysis, waste water, degradation, hydrogen production, reaction kinetics

摘要：

以污染物作为电子给体进行的光催化制氢体系代表着一种新型的现代水处理技术，在污染物被降解的同时还可以将太阳能转化为清洁的氢能，有效地缓解了环境污染和能源短缺两大难题。为此，本文结合光催化制氢协同污染物降解反应的机理，概述了近年来国内外在该方向上的主要研究成果，列举了几种常用的催化剂，分析了不同的操作参数，如污染物种类、催化剂类型和组分、催化剂的微观结构、催化剂投加量、pH、污染物浓度、溶液中存在的不同阴阳离子及其他共存物、反应温度以及光照强度对光催化降解率和产氢活性的影响。最后，指出了以污染物作为电子给体的光催化水处理技术在光催化材料的选择上依然面临种类偏少、产氢效率偏低的挑战，并且在反应影响因素的探究上仍存在不充分、不全面的问题。同时，评述了将多项工艺结合起来的多单元水处理系统是未来水处理领域的一个主流模式。

关键词: 光化学, 催化（作用）, 废水, 降解, 制氢, 反应动力学