Abstract:

This research was carried out with the purpose of exploring the application of the luffa in oil-water separation and to realize high-value utilization of the waste agricultural resources. Natural luffa was pretreated with alkali and hydrogen peroxide to remove its wax, increasing its specific surface area. Hydrophobic dispersion of nano-silica and MQ silicone resin was firstly prepared, then, hydrophobic/oleophilic luffa was prepared using pretreated luffa as a porous adsorption carrier by ultrasonic-assisted impregnation method. Its vegetable oil absorbency and water absorbency, the separation efficiency of the oil-water mixture, and reuse-ability to vegetable oil were measured. The experimental results show that the luffa has hydrophobic and oleophilic after dipping silica and MQ silicone resin dispersion, and its contact angles to water and oil reach 140.3°±6°and 0°, respectively. The absorption ratios for absorbing vegetable oil and water were found to be 4.86g/g and 0.28g/g. The separation efficiency of the modified luffa for oil and water reaches 76.5% and 95.5%, showing good oil-water separation performance. In addition, after 4 times of filtration, the network structure is destroyed and part of the hydrophobic layer is peeled off due to mechanical extrusion. Meanwhile, the oil absorption of luffa decreases, which impacts the reusability of luffa.

Key words: luffa, hydrophobic/oleophilic, oil-water separation, oil absorption

摘要：

为拓展丝瓜络在油水分离领域的应用，实现农业废弃资源的高值化利用，对天然丝瓜络进行碱-过氧化氢预处理，包括去除蜡质和增大比表面积；配置了纳米二氧化硅和MQ硅树脂疏水分散液，采用超声波辅助浸渍法，以预处理丝瓜络为多孔吸附载体，制得疏水/亲油丝瓜络，并测定其对植物油和水吸附性能、油水混合物的分离效率和重复利用性能。结果表明：浸渍纳米二氧化硅和MQ硅树脂的分散液后，丝瓜络对水和油的接触角分别为140.3°±6°和0°，对植物油和水吸附量分别为4.86g/g和0.28g/g，表现出良好的疏水亲油性能。改性后的丝瓜络对油和水的分离效率分别为76.5%和95.5%，表现出良好的油水分离性能。由于机械挤压破坏了网络结构及部分疏水层的脱落，经过4次过滤后，丝瓜络吸油性能有所降低，影响其重复使用性能。

关键词: 丝瓜络, 疏水亲油, 油水分离, 吸油性能