Abstract:

High temperature phase change materials have a high phase change temperature and a large latent heat value per unit volume, and thus it has a great application prospect to capsule them in the high temperature field (＞120℃). In this paper, the types of high temperature phase change materials and their encapsulation techniques were introduced. The problems existing in the preparation of high temperature phase change capsules were pointed out, such as compatibility between the core material and the shell material of metal large capsules, easy breakage of micro/nano capsules, etc. The effects of the capsule shell materials and heat treatment temperature on the properties of the capsules during the preparation of high-temperature phase change microcapsules by sol-gel method and hydrothermal method were emphatically discussed. In view of the above mentioned problems, such as poor thermal cycling performance and large supercooling of capsules, a solution was proposed. In the end, the application of high temperature phase change capsules was described, and further exploration was needed in the future to find shell materials with good compatibility with core materials, optimize the preparation method of micro/nano capsules, and inhibit the supercooling of capsules.

Key words: phase change, heat transfer, heat storage, high temperature, phase change materials, capsules, supercooling

摘要：

高温相变材料因具有较高的相变温度，且单位体积的潜热值较大，将其胶囊化用于高温领域（＞120℃）具有较大的应用前景。本文介绍了高温相变材料的种类及其胶囊化技术，对不同类型的高温相变胶囊制备方法进行了阐述。指出了目前高温相变胶囊制备过程中存在的问题，如金属大胶囊的芯材与壁材的相容性、微/纳胶囊易破碎等。重点论述了溶胶-凝胶法、水热法制备高温相变微/纳胶囊过程中囊壁材料、热处理温度等对胶囊性能的影响。针对上述因素引起的胶囊热循环性能差、过冷大等问题，提出了解决方案。最后阐述了高温相变胶囊的相关应用情况，并提出未来在寻找与芯材相容性好的壁材、优化微/纳胶囊制备方式、抑制胶囊过冷等方面需要进一步探索。

关键词: 相变, 传热, 蓄热, 高温, 相变材料, 胶囊, 过冷