Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (2): 709-719.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2019-0909
• Resources and environmental engineering • Previous Articles Next Articles
Ran LÜ(),Bin LI(),Ying XIAO,Jingwen ZHANG,Yuliang MAI
Received:
2019-06-10
Online:
2020-03-12
Published:
2020-02-05
Contact:
Bin LI
通讯作者:
李彬
作者简介:
吕冉(1992—),女,硕士,研究方向为环境微生物。E-mail:基金资助:
CLC Number:
Ran LÜ,Bin LI,Ying XIAO,Jingwen ZHANG,Yuliang MAI. Research progress on the effects of iron on microbiological nitrogen removal in wastewater[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2020, 39(2): 709-719.
吕冉,李彬,肖盈,张靖雯,麦裕良. 铁对废水微生物脱氮的影响研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2020, 39(2): 709-719.
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投加形式 | 投加量 | 厌氧氨氧化菌/污泥 | 反应器(有效容积) | 对脱氮效果的影响 | 参考文献 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
毫米级零价铁mZVI;纳米级零价铁nZVI | 25g | 城市污水处理厂厌氧池收集的污泥 | 上流式厌氧污泥床反应器(4.75L) | 氮负荷率约630mg/(L·d)。稳定阶段,投加mZVI、nZVI和不投加铁,总氮去除速率分别为543mg/(L·d)、560mg/(L·d)和532mg/(L·d);氨氮去除率分别为92.6%、93.8%和91.8%;亚硝酸盐氮去除率分别为93.5%、96.6%和91.2% | [ |
Fe(Ⅱ)(EDTA-FeNa2) | 0.06~0.18 mmol/L | 实验室规模厌氧氨氧化反应器污泥,70%~75%厌氧氨氧化菌KSU-1 | 上流式固定床反应器(0.3L) | 氮负荷率为5590g/(m3·d)时,0.06mmol/L及0.09mmol/L Fe(Ⅱ)对脱氮均有促进作用,氮去除速率由对照组[0.03mmol/L Fe(Ⅱ)]的3349g/(m3·d)提高至4429g/(m3·d)[0.09mmol/L Fe(Ⅱ)]。氮负荷率为12500g/(m3·d)时,氮去除速率由7033g/(m3·d)[0.03mmol/L Fe(Ⅱ)]提高至0.12 mmol/L Fe(Ⅱ)时的9135g/(m3·d),0.18mmol/L Fe(Ⅱ)时氮去除速率降至8198g/(m3·d) | [ |
Fe2+ | 1mg/L | CANON反应器污泥与生物滤池生物膜的混合污泥 | 生物滤池(1L) | 进水总氮约105mg/L。在Fe2+的长期作用下,氮的去除速率由最初投加Fe2+时的约0.51kg/(m3·d)最终增至0.58kg/(m3·d) | [ |
Fe2+ | 1~50mg/L | 厌氧氨氧化与硝化污泥污泥混合 | 生物滤池(1L) | 进水氨氮与亚硝酸盐氮各50mg/L。未投加Fe2+时,总氮去除速率为0.51kg/(m3·d);氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮与总氮去除率分别为58.9%、60.9%和58.2%。1~5mg/LFe2+能够促进脱氮,总氮去除速率增至0.57kg/(m3·d);氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮与总氮去除率分别增至94.4%、93.0%和80.8%。10~50mg/LFe2+则会不同程度地抑制脱氮 | [ |
Fe3+ | 3.68mg/L | 稳定运行的实验室规模反应器中污泥 | 上流式厌氧污泥反应器(1L) | 进水氨氮125.9~168.3mg/L,亚硝酸盐氮149.0~182.5mg/L。添加Fe3+时的平均氮去除率和最大氮去除速率分别为67.4%和4.9kg/(m3·d)[对照组相应值分别为64.7%和4.1kg/(m3·d)] | [ |
Fe3O4 | 2g | 实验室规模上流式厌氧污泥床反应器的厌氧氨氧化污泥 | 厌氧连续搅拌反应器(2L) | 进水氨氮和亚硝酸盐浓度分别为100.5mg/L和132.1mg/L。反应器稳定运行阶段,最大总氮去除率约98%,大于对照组约87% | [ |
Fe电极(阳极) (?60mm×90mm) | 上流式厌氧氨氧化反应器污泥 | 上流式厌氧反应器(0.7L) | 进水氨氮和亚硝酸盐氮浓度均为650mg/L。氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮和总氮去除速率分别为609.9mg/(L·d)、638.4mg/(L·d)和1209.6mg/(L·d);未设Fe-石墨电极的对照组中相应值分别仅为493.9mg/(L·d)、524.2mg/(L·d)和973.3mg/(L·d) | [ |
投加形式 | 投加量 | 厌氧氨氧化菌/污泥 | 反应器(有效容积) | 对脱氮效果的影响 | 参考文献 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
毫米级零价铁mZVI;纳米级零价铁nZVI | 25g | 城市污水处理厂厌氧池收集的污泥 | 上流式厌氧污泥床反应器(4.75L) | 氮负荷率约630mg/(L·d)。稳定阶段,投加mZVI、nZVI和不投加铁,总氮去除速率分别为543mg/(L·d)、560mg/(L·d)和532mg/(L·d);氨氮去除率分别为92.6%、93.8%和91.8%;亚硝酸盐氮去除率分别为93.5%、96.6%和91.2% | [ |
Fe(Ⅱ)(EDTA-FeNa2) | 0.06~0.18 mmol/L | 实验室规模厌氧氨氧化反应器污泥,70%~75%厌氧氨氧化菌KSU-1 | 上流式固定床反应器(0.3L) | 氮负荷率为5590g/(m3·d)时,0.06mmol/L及0.09mmol/L Fe(Ⅱ)对脱氮均有促进作用,氮去除速率由对照组[0.03mmol/L Fe(Ⅱ)]的3349g/(m3·d)提高至4429g/(m3·d)[0.09mmol/L Fe(Ⅱ)]。氮负荷率为12500g/(m3·d)时,氮去除速率由7033g/(m3·d)[0.03mmol/L Fe(Ⅱ)]提高至0.12 mmol/L Fe(Ⅱ)时的9135g/(m3·d),0.18mmol/L Fe(Ⅱ)时氮去除速率降至8198g/(m3·d) | [ |
Fe2+ | 1mg/L | CANON反应器污泥与生物滤池生物膜的混合污泥 | 生物滤池(1L) | 进水总氮约105mg/L。在Fe2+的长期作用下,氮的去除速率由最初投加Fe2+时的约0.51kg/(m3·d)最终增至0.58kg/(m3·d) | [ |
Fe2+ | 1~50mg/L | 厌氧氨氧化与硝化污泥污泥混合 | 生物滤池(1L) | 进水氨氮与亚硝酸盐氮各50mg/L。未投加Fe2+时,总氮去除速率为0.51kg/(m3·d);氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮与总氮去除率分别为58.9%、60.9%和58.2%。1~5mg/LFe2+能够促进脱氮,总氮去除速率增至0.57kg/(m3·d);氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮与总氮去除率分别增至94.4%、93.0%和80.8%。10~50mg/LFe2+则会不同程度地抑制脱氮 | [ |
Fe3+ | 3.68mg/L | 稳定运行的实验室规模反应器中污泥 | 上流式厌氧污泥反应器(1L) | 进水氨氮125.9~168.3mg/L,亚硝酸盐氮149.0~182.5mg/L。添加Fe3+时的平均氮去除率和最大氮去除速率分别为67.4%和4.9kg/(m3·d)[对照组相应值分别为64.7%和4.1kg/(m3·d)] | [ |
Fe3O4 | 2g | 实验室规模上流式厌氧污泥床反应器的厌氧氨氧化污泥 | 厌氧连续搅拌反应器(2L) | 进水氨氮和亚硝酸盐浓度分别为100.5mg/L和132.1mg/L。反应器稳定运行阶段,最大总氮去除率约98%,大于对照组约87% | [ |
Fe电极(阳极) (?60mm×90mm) | 上流式厌氧氨氧化反应器污泥 | 上流式厌氧反应器(0.7L) | 进水氨氮和亚硝酸盐氮浓度均为650mg/L。氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮和总氮去除速率分别为609.9mg/(L·d)、638.4mg/(L·d)和1209.6mg/(L·d);未设Fe-石墨电极的对照组中相应值分别仅为493.9mg/(L·d)、524.2mg/(L·d)和973.3mg/(L·d) | [ |
铁投加形式及投加量 | 反应器类型(有效容积) | 细菌或污泥 | 硝酸盐氮初始浓度 | 硝酸盐氮还原速率 | 参考文献 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ZVI,2g | 瓶子(0.25L) | 铁还原菌CC76 | 15mg/L | 0.28mg/(L·h) | [ |
还原铁粉(200目),每10天添加一次,投加量为10g | 升流式厌氧反应器(4L) | 实验室培养的自养型亚硝化污泥 | 平均 101.84mg/L | 29.3g/(m3·d) | [ |
Fe2+,Fe/N摩尔比为2 | 血清瓶(0.1L) | 实验室规模高负荷脱氮反应器中反硝化颗粒污泥 | 98.89mg/L | 27.59mg/(g VSS·d) | [ |
Fe2+,约30mg/L(与约70mg/L的Mn2+共存) | 血清瓶(0.25L) | 假单胞菌H117 | 约17mg/L | 0.2153mg/(L·h) | [ |
Fe2+,800mg/L;或Fe(Ⅱ) [Fe(Ⅱ)EDTA),1500mg/L] | 上流式生物滤池反应器(4.71L) | 微杆菌属W5 | 约30mg/L | — | [ |
Fe2+,约1250~1600mg/L | 上流式厌氧污泥床反应器(0.8L) | 用于处理造纸废水的大型上流式厌氧污泥床反应器中厌氧颗粒污泥 | 约106~ 112mg/L | 0.073kg/(m3·d) | [ |
Fe(OH)2或FeS,电子供体/电子受体摩尔比为2 | 密闭玻璃瓶(0.3L) | 污水处理厂厌氧消化池污泥 | 50mg/L | 8.16mmol/(L·d) 或1.37mmol/(L·d) | [ |
Fe(OH)2、FeS和S0共同作电子供体,总电子供体/受体物质的量之比1.15 | 上流式厌氧污泥床反应器(4L) | 污水处理厂厌氧消化池污泥 | 50mg/L | 7.01mmol/(L·d) | [ |
黄铁矿FeS2 | 聚丙烯瓶(0.05L) | 脱氮硫杆菌 | 2.46mmol/L | 0.54mmol/(kgpyrite·d) | [ |
磁黄铁矿Fe1-xS(x=0~0.125) | 上流式生物滤池反应器(1.8L) | 从厌氧污泥中富集的自养反硝化菌 | 21.11mg/L | 19.22mg/(L·d) | [ |
菱铁矿FeCO3 | 上流式生物滤池反应器(0.2417L) | 弗氏柠檬酸杆菌PXL1 | 150mg/L | 127.4~209.9mg/(kgsiderite·d) | [ |
零价铁屑(同碳合成IC-ME载体材料) | 玻璃瓶(与IC-ME耦合)(0.5L) | 煤化工废水处理厂氧化池污泥 | 90~98 mg/L | — | [ |
铁投加形式及投加量 | 反应器类型(有效容积) | 细菌或污泥 | 硝酸盐氮初始浓度 | 硝酸盐氮还原速率 | 参考文献 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ZVI,2g | 瓶子(0.25L) | 铁还原菌CC76 | 15mg/L | 0.28mg/(L·h) | [ |
还原铁粉(200目),每10天添加一次,投加量为10g | 升流式厌氧反应器(4L) | 实验室培养的自养型亚硝化污泥 | 平均 101.84mg/L | 29.3g/(m3·d) | [ |
Fe2+,Fe/N摩尔比为2 | 血清瓶(0.1L) | 实验室规模高负荷脱氮反应器中反硝化颗粒污泥 | 98.89mg/L | 27.59mg/(g VSS·d) | [ |
Fe2+,约30mg/L(与约70mg/L的Mn2+共存) | 血清瓶(0.25L) | 假单胞菌H117 | 约17mg/L | 0.2153mg/(L·h) | [ |
Fe2+,800mg/L;或Fe(Ⅱ) [Fe(Ⅱ)EDTA),1500mg/L] | 上流式生物滤池反应器(4.71L) | 微杆菌属W5 | 约30mg/L | — | [ |
Fe2+,约1250~1600mg/L | 上流式厌氧污泥床反应器(0.8L) | 用于处理造纸废水的大型上流式厌氧污泥床反应器中厌氧颗粒污泥 | 约106~ 112mg/L | 0.073kg/(m3·d) | [ |
Fe(OH)2或FeS,电子供体/电子受体摩尔比为2 | 密闭玻璃瓶(0.3L) | 污水处理厂厌氧消化池污泥 | 50mg/L | 8.16mmol/(L·d) 或1.37mmol/(L·d) | [ |
Fe(OH)2、FeS和S0共同作电子供体,总电子供体/受体物质的量之比1.15 | 上流式厌氧污泥床反应器(4L) | 污水处理厂厌氧消化池污泥 | 50mg/L | 7.01mmol/(L·d) | [ |
黄铁矿FeS2 | 聚丙烯瓶(0.05L) | 脱氮硫杆菌 | 2.46mmol/L | 0.54mmol/(kgpyrite·d) | [ |
磁黄铁矿Fe1-xS(x=0~0.125) | 上流式生物滤池反应器(1.8L) | 从厌氧污泥中富集的自养反硝化菌 | 21.11mg/L | 19.22mg/(L·d) | [ |
菱铁矿FeCO3 | 上流式生物滤池反应器(0.2417L) | 弗氏柠檬酸杆菌PXL1 | 150mg/L | 127.4~209.9mg/(kgsiderite·d) | [ |
零价铁屑(同碳合成IC-ME载体材料) | 玻璃瓶(与IC-ME耦合)(0.5L) | 煤化工废水处理厂氧化池污泥 | 90~98 mg/L | — | [ |
微生物脱氮过程 | 化学反应方程式 | 参考文献 |
---|---|---|
厌氧氨氧化 | [ | |
氢自养反硝化 | [ | |
铁型反硝化 | [ | |
微生物脱氮过程 | 化学反应方程式 | 参考文献 |
---|---|---|
厌氧氨氧化 | [ | |
氢自养反硝化 | [ | |
铁型反硝化 | [ | |
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