Abstract: As the core for clean，high-efficient and scientific grading utilization of low-rank coal，low-temperature carbonization technology has attracted great attention. However，there are considerable disadvantages in the industrial application of existing coal low-temperature carbonization technology，such as low tar recovery rate and high requirement for raw material size. Development of low-temperature carbonization technology with efficient recovery of tar has become the focus of low-rank coal utilization. The typical low-temperature carbonization technologies of coal worldwide were compared and discussed in terms of structural characteristics of carbonization furnace，raw materials，carbonization products，energy utilization and tar recovery rate. The major characteristics of tar efficient recovery technology in low-temperature carbonization developed by author’s group were presented. Analysis shows that the development aims of low-temperature carbonization technology include scaling-up，developing automatic and efficient environment-friendly technology of carbonization furnace，improving heat recovery and utilization of high-temperature semi-coke and coke-oven gas，achieving multipurpose utilization of pulverized coal，finding coke dry quenching technology，and investigating the grading conversion technology for the fast，catalytic carbonization in low temperature.

Key words: low-rank coal, low-temperature carbonization, low-temperature tar, lignite upgrading

摘要： 低温干馏技术作为低阶煤清洁高效和科学分级利用的核心技术，已经得到国内外广泛关注。但是现有工业化应用的煤低温干馏技术存在采油率低和原料粒度要求高等问题，开发新型低温干馏高效采油技术已成为我国低阶煤利用研究的重点。本文主要从低温干馏炉的结构特征、生产原料、干馏产品、能量利用率和采油率等几个方面对国内外典型煤低温干馏炉及干馏技术进行了比较和讨论；介绍了作者课题组研究开发的低温干馏高效采油技术及其特点。分析认为，干馏炉的大型化、自动化和高效环保化；高温半焦和荒煤气热能的回收利用；粉煤资源的综合利用；干熄焦新技术；快速干馏、催化干馏技术等低温分级转化技术的研究开发是低温干馏技术今后研究开发的主要方向。

关键词: 低阶煤, 低温干馏, 低温焦油, 褐煤提质