Research progress of microwave pyrolysis for coal

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2016.s1.022

Abstract

Abstract: As the main energy in China, the clean and efficient use of coal is an important guarantee for China's energy security and ecological environment construction.Pyrolysis is under mild conditions to convert coal into clean gas, liquid and solid fuel, which is one of the important means to improve coal utilization, process into clean and efficient secondary energy.The advantages of microwave as a new heating method in coal pyrolysis are becoming more and more obvious.This paper introduces the mechanism and advantages of microwave pyrolysis, the application of microwave absorber and both domestic and foreign research progress of microwave pyrolysis, it turns out that low rank coal dielectric constant is very small, so adding a certain amount of microwave absorber can achieve the pyrolysis temperature.Compared with conventional pyrolysis, the heating mechanism of the material is changed, the quality of the product is improved, pyrolysis gas CO, H₂ content increased, the quality of tar is better, and the thermal efficiency of coal is increased.As a new heating method, microwave technology provides a promising solution and ideal for improvement of coal pyrolysis efficiency.

Key words: coal, microwave, pyrolysis, heat mechanism, tar

摘要： 煤炭是我国的主要能源,煤的清洁高效利用是我国能源安全和生态环境建设的重要保障。热解是在温和条件下将煤转化为洁净的气体、液体和固体燃料,是改善煤炭利用、加工转化成清洁高效的二次能源的重要手段之一。微波作为一种新的加热方式在煤的热解方面的应用的优势越来越明显。本文概述了微波热解的机理与优点、微波吸收剂的应用以及国内外微波热解研究进展,得出了低阶煤介电常数较小,需要添加一定量的微波吸收剂才能达到热解温度;和常规热解相比,微波热解改变了物质的加热方式,改善了热解产物的品质,热解气中CO、H₂含量增加,焦油品质较好,提高了煤的热解效率。作为一种新型加热方式,微波技术为煤热解效率的提高提供了新的解决方案和思路。

关键词: 煤炭, 微波, 热解, 加热机理, 焦油

CLC Number:

TQ536

LI Peng, LIU Quanrun, FANG Xiaoke, LI Haipeng. Research progress of microwave pyrolysis for coal[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progree, 2016, 35(S1): 130-134.

李鹏, 刘全润, 方小可, 李海鹏. 煤的微波热解研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2016, 35(S1): 130-134.

References

[1] BP.BP世界能源统计年鉴[EB/OL].[2015-06-17].http:bp.com/statisticalreview.
[2] 曲思建,王琳,张飏,等.中国煤炭学会成立五十周年高层学术论坛论文集[C].北京:中国煤炭学会,2012:152-161.
[3] 王鹏,文芳,步学朋,等.煤热解特性研究[J].煤炭转化,2005,28(1):8-13.
[4] 徐春霞,王鹏,董卫果,等.长焰煤热解特性及产物性质研究[J].煤炭转化,2014(1):1-4.
[5] 马红周,王耀宁,兰新哲.微波热解煤的实验研究[J].洁净煤技术,2009(4):54-55.
[6] 兰新哲,裴建军,宋永辉,等.一种低变质煤微波热解过程分析[J].煤炭转化,2010,33(3):15-18.
[7] TAHMASEBI Arash,YU Jianglong,LI Xianchun,et al. Experimental study on microwave drying of Chinese and Indonesian low-rank coals[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2011,92(10):1821-1829.
[8] MOTASEMI F 1,AFZAL M T 1.A review on the microwave-assisted pyrolysis technique[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2013,28:317-330.
[9] WANG N,YU Jianglong,TAHMASEBI Arash,et al. Expe-rimental study on microwave pyrolysis of an Indonesian low-rank coal[J].Energy & Fuels,2014,28(1):254-263.
[10] SINGH S,NECULAES V B,LISSIANSKI V,et al. Mic-rowave assisted coal conversion[J].Fuel,2015,140:495-501.
[11] MEREDITH R.Engineers' handbook of industrial microwave heating[Book Review] [J].Power Engineering Journal,1999,13(1):3-3.
[12] MENENDEZ J A,ARENILLAS A,FIDALGO B,et al. Microwave heating processes involving carbon materials[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2010,91(1):1-8.
[13] ADAM D.Microwave chemistry:Out of the kitchen[J]. Nature,2003,421(6923):571-572.
[14] MIURA M,KAGA H,SAKURAI A,et al.Rapid pyrolysis of wood block by microwave heating[J].Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,2004,71(1):187-199.
[15] YIN Chungen.Microwave-assisted pyrolysis of biomass for liquid biofuels production[J].Bioresource Technology,2012,120:273-284.
[16] 何亚琼,毛昌辉,杨剑.微波吸收剂的研究进展[J].材料导报,2010(9):28-31.
[17] MUSHTAQ F,MAT R,ANI F N.A review on microwave assisted pyrolysis of coal and biomass for fuel production[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2014,39:555-574.
[18] MARLAND S,MERCHANT A,ROWSON N.Dielectric properties of coal[J].Fuel,2001,80(13):1839-1849.
[19] 夏浩.低阶煤的微波热解研究[D].焦作:河南理工大学,2012.
[20] 徐樑.煤焦微波介电性能的研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2015.
[21] MONSEF-MIRZAIA P,RAVINDRAANA M,BURCHILLB W R M A.Rapid microwave pyrolysis of coal methodology and examination of the residual and volatile phases[J].Fuel,1995,74(1):20-27.
[22] MONSEF-MIRZAIB P,RAVINDRANB M,BURCHIL W R M A.The use of microwave heating for the pyrolysis of coal via inorganic receptors of microwave energy[J].Fuel,1992,71(6):716-717.
[23] 万益琴,王应宽,刘玉环,等.生物质微波裂解技术的研究进展[J].农机化研究,2010(03):8-14.
[24] CHANDRASEKARAN S,RAMANATHAN S,BASAK T. Microwave food processing-a review[J].Food Research International,2013,52(1):243-261.
[25] HUANG Y F,KUAN W H,LO S L,et al.Total recovery of resources and energy from rice straw using microwave-induced pyrolysis[J].Bioresource Technology,2008,99(17):8252-8258.
[26] BUDARIN V L,CLARK J H,LANIGAN B A,et al.The preparation of high-grade bio-oils through the controlled,low temperature microwave activation of wheat straw[J].Bioresource Technology,2009,100(23):6064-6068.
[27] FOO K Y,HAMEED B H.Mesoporous activated carbon from wood sawdust by K₂CO₃ activation using microwave heating[J].Bioresource Technology,2012,111:425-432.
[28] SHANG H,LU R R,SHANG L,et al.Effect of additives on the microwave-assisted pyrolysis of sawdust[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2015,131:167-174.
[29] 赵浩,周荣,赵敏燕,等.不同吸波介质对微波法降解土壤中氯丹影响的研究[J].农业科学与技术:英文版,2015(4):750-754.
[30] 付建平,宋永辉,闫敏,等.微波功率对低变质煤与塑料共热解焦油的影响[J].煤炭转化,2013(2):63-66.
[31] DENG W Y,SU Y X,LIU SH G,et al.Microwave-assisted methane decomposition over pyrolysis residue of sewage sludge for hydrogen production[J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2014,39(17):9169-9179.
[32] DOMINGUEZ A,MENENDEZ J A,INGUANZO M,et al.Investigations into the characteristics of oils produced from microwave pyrolysis of sewage sludge[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2005,86(9):1007-1020.
[33] ZHAO X Q,WANG M,LIU H Z,et al.Effect of temperature and additives on the yields of products and microwave pyrolysis behaviors of wheat straw[J].Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,2013,100:49-55.
[34] HU Z F,MA X Q,CHEN C X.A study on experimental characteristic of microwave-assisted pyrolysis of microalgae[J].Bioresource Technology,2012,107:487-493.
[35] 赵彦博.准东煤微波热解特性的初步实验研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2014.
[36] 夏浩,刘全润,马名杰,等.微波技术在煤炭加工利用过程中的应用[J].煤炭转化,2012(1):86-89.
[37] LIU Q R,XIA H.The effect of additive on temperature rising characteristics during coal pyrolysis in microwave field[J].Advanced Materials Research,2012,512/513/514/515:1790-1794.
[38] 宋永辉,苏婷,兰新哲,等.微波场中长焰煤与焦煤共热解实验研究[J].煤炭转化,2011(3):7-10.
[39] 兰新哲,刘巧妮,宋永辉.低变质煤与塑料微波共热解研究[J].煤炭转化,2012(1):16-19.
[40] 周军,杨哲,吴雷,等.H2气氛中低变质煤微波热解研究[J].煤炭转化,2015(3):22-26.
[41] 吴雷,周军.N₂环境下煤的微波热解研究[J].辽宁化工,2015(5):526-529.
[42] 周军,杨哲,吴雷,等.CO₂气氛中低变质煤微波热解研究[J].煤炭学报,2015(10):2465-2471.
[43] 王南.印尼褐煤微波热解特性的实验研究[D].鞍山:辽宁科技大学,2012.
[44] WANG N,YU J L,TAHMASEBI A,et al.Experimental study on microwave pyrolysis of an indonesian low-rank coal[J].Energy & Fuels,2014,28(1):254-263.
[45] SONG Y H,LI X,SHI J W,et al.A research on microwave and conventional pyrolysis for low rank coal[J].Advanced Materials Research,2014,1044-1045:209-214.
[46] GASNER L L,DENLOYE A O.Microwave and conventional pyrolysis of a bituminous coal[J].Chemical Engineering Communications,1986,48:349-354.
[47] HUSSAIN Z,KHAN K M,BASHEER N,et al.Co-liquefaction of makarwal coal and waste polystyrene by microwave-metal interaction pyrolysis in copper coil reactor[J].Journal of Analytical & Applied Pyrolysis,2011,90(1):53-55.