Abstract: The atmospheric and vacuum distillation system(AVDS) is one of the most import processes and the main CO₂ emissions part in the oil refinery enterprise. Carbon flow model was established based on substance flow analysis(SFA). The main influence factors affecting the CO₂ emissions were analyzed based on the production data. Four factors,including fuel consumption,excess air coefficient,the C/H ratio of fuel and combustion efficiency,were discussed. The results showed that the main subsystem of CO₂ emissions was the atmospheric distillation subsystem(ADS) and the CO₂ emissions accounted for about 62.84% of AVDS. The main factors influencing the CO₂ emissions were the consumption and C/H ratio of fuel for AVDS. The CO₂ emissions increased with increasing consumption and C/H ratio of fuel for both atmospheric furnace and vacuum furnaces.

Key words: carbon flow analysis, atmospheric and vacuum distillation system, CO₂ emission, oil refinery enterprise, carbon balance

摘要： 炼油企业常减压蒸馏系统不仅是重要的石油加工环节，也是CO₂排放的主要工序之一。基于元素流分析方法，分析了炼油企业“三塔两炉”的常减压蒸馏系统的碳素流动过程，以某炼油企业生产数据为例，分析了影响该系统CO₂排放的主要影响因素，并运用数学规划方法分析了燃料消耗量、过量空气系数、燃料碳氢比和燃烧效率4个因素对常压蒸馏子系统和减压蒸馏子系统的CO₂排放影响。结果表明：常压蒸馏子系统是常减压蒸馏系统中主要的CO₂排放子系统，约占系统总CO₂排放量的62.84%；燃料消耗量和燃料碳氢比是影响常减压蒸馏系统碳排放的主要因素，常压炉和减压炉的碳排放量随着加热炉燃料消耗量的增加和输入燃料碳氢比的增大而增大。

关键词: 碳素流动, 常减压蒸馏系统, CO₂排放量, 炼油企业, 碳平衡