Abstract: The background,research status,research tasks and goals of the National Key Research and Development Project "Basic research on low rank coal direct conversion to high quality liquid fuels and chemicals" were introduced in this paper. The researches were expected to make a great progress in further understanding the mineral characteristics and weak bonding structure of low rank coal and mechanism of free radical reactions;clarifying the direct conversion process approach,product controlling mechanism and directional catalytic conversion principles;constructing new coal pyrolysis reactor for high quality and high yield of oil and gas,new coal hydrogenation liquefaction technology for rich aromatics production,and new technology of coal liquid product to high performance jet fuel and chemicals,etc.,thus to improve the technology system for low rank coal directly into high quality liquid fuels and chemicals.

摘要： 介绍了国家重点研发计划项目“低变质煤直接转化制高品质液体燃料和化学品的基础研究”的背景、研究现状以及研究任务与目标。研究工作可望在深入认识低变质煤中矿物特性和弱键合结构以及分子水平反应规律、直接转化过程反应途径、产物调控机制及定向催化转化原理；构建高品质和高产率油气的煤热解新反应器、煤加氢液化富产芳烃新工艺、高性能喷气燃料及化学品制备的高效催化剂以及新技术等方面取得突破，从而完善低变质煤直接转化制取高品质液体燃料及化学品的工艺技术体系。