Rapid start-up and nitrogen removal performance of anammox process using activated sludge as an inoculation

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-1776

Abstract

Abstract:

Rapid start-up of biofilm-anammox process for low-strength wastewater in anaerobic sequencing biofilm batch reactor (AnSBBR) with activated sludge as inoculum and highly efficient performance have been achieved. According to the operation effect, the key control factors such as influent dissolved oxygen (DO) and hydraulic retention time (HRT) were adjusted to accelerate the rapid formation of biofilm-anammox process. The results showed that the start-up of anammox was achieved. After 90 d of operation, the nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) and nitrogen removal load rate (NRLR) reached 99.7% and 0.048kg/(m³·d), respectively. The microbial community analysis showed that anammox bacteria were mainly Candidatus Brocadia and Candidatus Kuenenia, and the relative abundance reached up to 12% at 168d, indicating that anammox bacteria became the dominant genera in biofilm. Biofilm images and scanning electron microscope (SEM) results showed that anammox mainly existed in the biofilm inside the biocarrier, and biofilm-anammox structure was formed by multiple small polymers, mostly cocci and closely.

Key words: AnSBBR, Anammox, biofilm, microbial community, rapid start-up, nitrogen removal

摘要：

以活性污泥作为接种污泥，研究了采用厌氧序批式生物膜反应器（anaerobic sequencing biofilm batch reactor，AnSBBR）进行低浓度含氮废水的厌氧氨氧化工艺的快速启动。通过调整进水溶解氧（dissolved oxygen，DO）和水力停留时间（hydraulic retention time，HRT）等关键控制因素，加速厌氧氨氧化生物膜的快速形成。结果表明，启动运行40天后，发生明显的厌氧氨氧化反应。运行90天，氮去除效率（nitrogen removal efficiency，NRE）和脱氮负荷率（nitrogen removal loading rate，NRLR）分别达到99.7%和0.048 kg/(m³?d)。生物膜内部呈现红色，扫描电子显微镜（scanning electron microscope，SEM）发现厌氧氨氧化生物膜是由多个小聚合体形成，多为球菌，内部结构排列紧密。微生物群落进一步分析表明，厌氧氨氧化菌（AnAOB）主要为Candidatus Brocadia和Candidatus Kuenenia，且在168天最高达到了12%的相对丰度，表明AnAOB成为生物膜内重要的优势菌属。

关键词: 厌氧序批式生物膜反应器, 厌氧氨氧化, 生物膜, 微生物群落, 快速启动, 脱氮

CLC Number:

X703

CHEN Jiabo, ZHOU Xin, LI Xu. Rapid start-up and nitrogen removal performance of anammox process using activated sludge as an inoculation[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(7): 3900-3907.

陈加波, 周鑫, 李旭. 以活性污泥为接种污泥厌氧氨氧化工艺的快速启动及脱氮效能[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(7): 3900-3907.

Figures/Tables 8

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阶段	周期/d	NH₄⁺-N_inf/mg·L^-1	NO₂^--N_inf/mg·L^-1	TN_inf/mg·L^-1	氨氮容积负荷 /kg·m^-3·d^-1	DO_inf/mg·L^-1	HRT/h
Ⅰ	1~22	21.55	28.44	50	0.007	3.46	72
Ⅱ	23~60	21.55	28.44	50	0.007	0.06	72
Ⅲ	61~94	21.55	28.44	50	0.014	0.07	36
Ⅳ	95~121	21.55	28.44	50	0.022	0.07	24
Ⅴ	122~168	21.55	28.44	50	0.022	0.05	24

阶段	周期/d	NH₄⁺-N_inf/mg·L^-1	NO₂^--N_inf/mg·L^-1	TN_inf/mg·L^-1	氨氮容积负荷 /kg·m^-3·d^-1	DO_inf/mg·L^-1	HRT/h
Ⅰ	1~22	21.55	28.44	50	0.007	3.46	72
Ⅱ	23~60	21.55	28.44	50	0.007	0.06	72
Ⅲ	61~94	21.55	28.44	50	0.014	0.07	36
Ⅳ	95~121	21.55	28.44	50	0.022	0.07	24
Ⅴ	122~168	21.55	28.44	50	0.022	0.05	24

反应器	接种污泥	启动时间/d	进水DO/mg·L^-1	进水 NH₄⁺-N /mg·L^-1	进水NO₂^--N /mg·L^-1	进水 COD /mg·L^-1	参考文献
MBBR	颗粒污泥	78	—	14.9~24.5	9~20.9	—	［5］
CAMBR	硝化反硝化/厌氧颗粒污泥	75/90/45	—	0~160	0~160	35~55	［20］
ABBR	活性污泥	47	0	50	50	—	［21］
SBR	絮状污泥	67	5.0~7.0	43.2~74.3	0~0.5	130.6~241.5	［22］
SNAD	活性污泥	60	3.5→1.45→0.70	70~80	—	200~300	［23］
AnSBBR	活性污泥	40	<0.3	21.55	28.44	0	本研究

反应器	接种污泥	启动时间/d	进水DO/mg·L^-1	进水 NH₄⁺-N /mg·L^-1	进水NO₂^--N /mg·L^-1	进水 COD /mg·L^-1	参考文献
MBBR	颗粒污泥	78	—	14.9~24.5	9~20.9	—	［5］
CAMBR	硝化反硝化/厌氧颗粒污泥	75/90/45	—	0~160	0~160	35~55	［20］
ABBR	活性污泥	47	0	50	50	—	［21］
SBR	絮状污泥	67	5.0~7.0	43.2~74.3	0~0.5	130.6~241.5	［22］
SNAD	活性污泥	60	3.5→1.45→0.70	70~80	—	200~300	［23］
AnSBBR	活性污泥	40	<0.3	21.55	28.44	0	本研究

时间/d	丰度		多样性
时间/d	ACE指数	Chao1指数	Shannon指数	Simpson指数
1	1756	1493	5.6	0.05
47	2003	1887	4.8	0.06
90	2376	2188	2.4	0.03
168	1812	1722	4.6	0.02