Abstract:

In this paper, the development process of iron and steel metallurgy technology and discipline is sorted out, and its development process is divided into five main periods. In the new era, the iron and steel metallurgical industry will change from the pursuit of efficiency priority to the direction of energy conservation and environmental protection, this paper summarizes the green and low-carbon development path of the iron and steel industry, and focuses on the development direction of hydrogen-based low-carbon ironmaking technology. Hydrogen-rich blast furnace technology represented by COURSE50, ULCOS, and tkH₂Steel can be used as the preferred direction for blast furnace process improvement at this stage. In terms of non-blast furnace processes, this paper introduces the development of hydrogen-based shaft furnace direct reduction ironmaking processes such as MIDREX and HYL/ENERGIRON, and also introduces the hydrogen-based direct reduction ironmaking processes of iron ore powder using fluidized beds, such as H-Iron, FIOR, Circored and HyREX. In the new era, China's iron and steel industry should make full use of low-carbon energy sources such as coke oven gas, coal-to-gas, natural gas and green hydrogen while developing traditional energy-saving and emission reduction technologies, so as to reduce carbon consumption and CO₂ emissions.

Key words: reduction, low carbon, thermochemistry, ironmaking

摘要：

首先对钢铁冶金技术与学科的发展历程进行了梳理，将其发展过程划分为5个主要时期。新时期钢铁冶金工业将从追求效率优先向兼顾节能环保的方向进行转变，文章对钢铁工业的绿色低碳发展路径进行了总结，着重对氢基低碳炼铁技术的发展方向进行了展望。以COURSE50、ULCOS及tkH₂Steel等为代表的富氢高炉技术可作为现阶段高炉工艺改进的首选方向。非高炉工艺方面，本文介绍了MIDREX、HYL/ENERGIRON等氢基竖炉直接还原炼铁工艺的发展，同时也介绍了H-Iron、FIOR、Circored、HyREX等采用流化床的铁矿粉氢基直接还原炼铁工艺。文中指出新时期我国钢铁工业应在发展传统节能减排技术的同时，充分利用焦炉煤气、煤制气、天然气及绿氢等低碳能源，发展并创新DRI直接还原技术，从而降低碳素消耗和CO₂排放。

关键词: 还原, 低碳, 热化学, 炼铁