Abstract:

Sustainability is the key to social, ecological and economic development. The development path of sustainable manufacturing requires a balance between environmental, social and economic aspects. Inherent safe design is one of the most effective ways to reduce risk to achieve sustainable development of chemical industry. Inherent safe design can permanently eliminate or reduce the hazards involved in chemical processes. In this paper, an overview is presented covering the origins of inherent safety concept, its historical development, the concept of the four principles of inherent safety, the stages of application and potential use of the four principles of inherent safety throughout the life cycle of the process industry, and methods for inherent safe design assessment. The research progress and problems of inherent safe design assessment methods are introduced, which includes parameter-based score inherent safety assessment methods, parameter-based numerical inherent safety assessment methods, graph-based inherent safety assessment methods, risk analysis-based safety assessment methods and multi-objective-based inherent safety assessment method. The advantages and disadvantages of various methods are analyzed and compared and the future development and improvement of those methods were also commented.

Key words: sustainable development, chemical processes, inherent safety, life cycle, inherent safety assessment methods

摘要：

可持续性发展已经成为社会、生态和经济发展的关键。可持续制造的发展道路需要平衡环境、社会和经济各方面。本质安全设计是减少风险、实现化学工业可持续发展的最有效的方法之一，本质安全设计可以永久性地消除或减少化工过程中涉及的危害。本文综述了本质安全的历史发展、本质安全四大原则的概念、本质安全四大原则应用的使用潜力、本质安全设计评估工具，并系统介绍了本质安全设计评估方法的研究进展和存在的问题，包括基于参数的得分索引本质安全方法、基于参数的数值索引本质安全方法、基于图示的本质安全方法、基于风险分析的本质安全方法和基于多目标评价的本质安全方法，分析比较了各种方法的优缺点，并对本质安全评估方法的未来发展和完善提出了一些见解。

关键词: 可持续发展, 化工过程, 本质安全, 全生命周期, 本质安全评估方法