Abstract: Aiming to solve the problem that coking wastewater was not in proportion for carbon and nitrogen nutrients,abundant in poisonous components and difficult to be anaerobic treatment,self-developed novel biological fluidized bed with three phases was employed as high loading aerobic pretreatment method for the coking wastewater. The investigation mainly focused on the performance of the proposed aerobic reactor. Moreover,variation of critical organic components in aerobic biological process was analyzed by UV-Vis absorption spectrum and GC-MS methods. The main results could be listed as the following. When the influent average COD concentration is 4818.9mg/L, ambient temperature is between 28℃ to 33℃ degree,dissolved oxygen is in the range of 1.0mg/L to 1.5 mg/L and MLSS is about 8.0 g/L,then the organic loading of the reactor is in the range of 3.53 to 3.74kgCOD/(m³·d),and phenol,benzpyrole and phenylamine in wastewater can be efficiently degraded. Average removal ratio of COD,phenols and SCN^-can be over 70%、99% and 80%,respectively. By significantly reducing concentration of poisonous organics such as phenols,SCN^-,CN^-,and so on,the inhibition bottleneck for subsequent anaerobic hydrolysis and aerobic nitrification processes can be relieved. The reason the preposition aerobic fluidized bed can act as a necessary guarantee for high efficient biological treatment for coking wastewater can be attributed to the enhanced mixing and mass transfer and high sludge concentration in the proposed reactor. Therefore,,because aerobic biological fluidized bed has good mixing and mass transfer efficiencies and high sludge concentration,employing it as a pretreatment biological unit process for toxic and refractory organic wastewaters together with high ammonium concentration has some technical advantages,or other,prepositioned aerobic biological fluidized bed is indispensable to guarantee highly efficient treatment of these wastewaters.

Key words: coking, fluidized-bed, wastewater, biological inhibition, degradation

摘要： 针对碳氮比不协调、毒性组分多且厌氧困难的焦化废水，采用自行研制的新型生物三相流化床对其实施前置高负荷好氧处理，重点考察了反应器的好氧处理性能，并结合紫外-可见吸收光谱（UV-Vis）和GC-MS分析研究了好氧处理过程中主要有机成分的变化规律。结果表明，在进水COD平均浓度为4818.9 mg/L、环境温度为28~33℃、溶解氧为1.0~1.5mg/L及污泥浓度为8.0g/L左右的条件下，当有机负荷处于3.53~3.74kgCOD/（m³·d）范围内时，新型生物流化床可实现废水中的苯酚、吲哚及苯胺等化合物的降解，其COD、酚及SCN^-的平均去除率分别达到70%、99%和80%以上，通过大幅度削减酚类化合物、SCN^-和CN^-等毒性物质的浓度而解除后续厌氧水解和好氧硝化过程的抑制瓶颈。因此，好氧生物流化床由于具有良好的混合传质性能和较高的污泥浓度，将其作为前置生物单元工艺处理含高浓度氨氮有毒难降解有机废水具有技术优势，是实现该类废水高效生物处理的必要保障。

关键词: 焦化, 流化床, 废水, 生物抑制, 降解