Abstract: The technology of coal liquefaction provides advantages of good solubility, hydrogen transfer and stability. Effects of solvents with different compositions and properties on coal-heavy hydrocarbons co-processing were reviewed. A mixture of coal, solvent and hydrogen is normally not ideal. The solvent with suitable H/C molar ratio and polarity accompanied by high conversion of coal and selectivity of light oil could have better synergistic effects. It indicated that the level of synergistic effect depended on adjustability of composition and properties between coal and solvents. For the co-processing, heavy hydrocarbons promoted hydrogenation of coal because of the synergistic effects between favorable solubility and hydrogen transfer. Meanwhile, strong adsorption characteristics of coal residue of direct coal liquefaction contributed to modification of heavy hydrocarbons so that conversion of co-processing was improved and selectivity of light oil was increased. Thus, the synergistic effects made comprehensive utilization of coal and intermediate/heavy hydrocarbons possible.

Key words: FCC slurry oil, solvent, coal liquefaction, co-processing, synergistic effect

摘要： 煤制油工艺等煤炭清洁高效转化技术是能源化工领域的研究热点，溶解性好、提供/传递氢能力强且热稳定性高，其溶剂选择、使用是影响煤制油工艺经济运行的关键。本文以煤液化溶剂作用为基础，通过对液化自身产物、废塑料及FCC油浆等煤直接液化溶剂的组成、性质及作用效果的综合评述，指出煤、溶剂、氢气间的混合并非理想混合，与煤H/C适宜、极性相近的溶剂在共处理过程表现出良好的协同作用，液化过程的转化率、轻质产物选择性明显提高。分析表明，协同作用的大小取决于煤、溶剂的组成、性质匹配。煤-重质烃共处理工艺利用富芳烃油浆溶解性好、提供/传递氢能力强的特点强化了煤热解加氢反应的进行，同时煤加氢液化产生的多孔残煤具有吸附性强的特点，有助于重质烃改质，使共处理转化率显著提高、轻质产物选择性增大。最后指出，煤-重质烃共处理的协同作用为改善煤、中质/重质芳烃的综合利用提供了可能。

关键词: FCC油浆, 溶剂, 煤液化, 共处理, 协同作用