Abstract: Y zeolite was prepared by the hydrothermal method using Kaolin microspheres as the sole all silicon and alminum source. Scanning electron microscope analysis showed Y zeolite with the size of 1 μm. The influences of the n(SiO2)/n(Al2O3) molar ratio，alkali extraction，initial gel alkalinity，directing agent composition and addition time were discussed according to X-ray diffraction analysis. The optimum reaction system was n(SiO2)/n(Al2O3)=10.0, n(Na2O)/n(SiO2)=0.56，n(H2O)/n(Na2O)= 35. Higher or lower basicity would cause P phase emergence. The alkali extraction process was crucial to the synthesis of Y zeolite，and the optimal time was 12 h. The best quality Y zeolite could be obtained by controlling the addition time of the clear liquid directing agent at the end of alkali extraction.

Key words: Kaolin microsphere, zeolite Y, alkali extraction

摘要： 以高岭土微球为全部硅铝原料，经焙烧、碱抽提、水热处理等工艺，直接原位晶化合成了Y分子筛。扫描电镜分析表明：在高岭土微球上均匀生成了晶型完整、粒度为1 μm左右的Y分子筛。结合X射线测试方法详细研究了体系硅铝比、碱度、碱抽提时间、导向剂构成及添加时间对Y分子筛合成的影响。研究表明：该水热反应体系的最佳配比为n(SiO2)/n(Al2O3)=10.0。反应适宜的碱度条件为：n(Na2O)/n(SiO2)=0.56，n(H2O)/n(Na2O)= 35，碱度过高或过低都易有P杂晶生成。碱抽提过程对合成Y分子筛十分关键，最佳的抽提时间控制在12 h。导向剂构成为透明高清状，加入时间控制在碱抽提结束时最优，此时合成的Y分子筛品质最好。

关键词: 高岭土微球, Y沸石, 碱抽提