Abstract: The biofouling of reverse osmosis membrane is reviewed based on literatures in recent years. The fouling mechanisms are firstly introduced，including the adsorption interaction between microorganism and membrane surface，and the effects of some factors on the microorganism deposition. The monitoring and early warning of biofouling is then described. Finally，the control and prevention methods for biofouling are discussed，including pretreatment，membrane surface modification，cleaning and microorganism quorum sensing inhibition.

摘要： 综述了近年来关于反渗透膜生物污染的研究进展。首先介绍了反渗透膜生物污染的机理，包括微生物与膜表面的吸附作用以及外界因素对微生物沉积的影响；然后阐述了如何监测和预警生物污染；并讨论了对生物污染的控制和预防方法，包括预处理、膜表面改性、膜清洗以及微生物群体感应抑制。