Abstract: Hydroxytyrosol is one of the major natural phenolic compounds，mainly in virgin olive oil and the wastewater generated from olive oil processing. The main pharmacological activities of hydroxytyrosol are reviewed，including anti-cancer，anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. Production of hydroxytyrosol by extraction and separation from olive oil waste residue and wastewater，chemical synthesis and biological synthesis are introduced.

摘要： 羟基酪醇是一种天然多酚类化合物，具有多种生物和药理活性，主要存在于橄榄油和加工橄榄油产生的废水中。本文主要综述了羟基酪醇的主要药理活性，包括抗癌、抗菌、抗炎作用，介绍了羟基酪醇的从生产橄榄油的废渣、废水中的提取、分离方法，化学合成方法以及生物合成方法。