Abstract: Glass microchannels with inner surfaces of different wettabilities and roughnesses were obtained through modification by hydroxylation treatment to achieve hydrophilic surfaces，by self-assembly of chlorotrimethylsilane to achieve hydrophobic surfaces，and by sol-gel SiO2 nanoparticle deposition to generate rough surfaces. Effects of the inner surface properties of microchannels on the fluid flow characteristics therein have been systematically investigated. When the inner surfaces of microchannels are of the same wettability (hydrophilic or hydrophobic)，the resistance of rough surfaces to the fluid flow in the microchannel is larger than that of smooth surfaces，and such effect is more significant when the fluid flows faster. When the inner surfaces of microchannels are of the same roughness，the resistance of hydrophobic surfaces to the fluid flow in the microchannel is larger than that of hydrophilic surfaces，and such effect is also more significant when the fluid flows faster. In comparison，the effect of wettability of the inner surfaces of microchannel on fluid flow therein is larger than that of roughness. These results provide valuable guidance for the design and application of micro-flow system and micro-fluid machinery.

摘要： 通过对玻璃微通道内壁表面进行羟基化处理、溶胶-凝胶法纳米SiO2颗粒沉积以及疏水分子自组装等改性处理，制备得到了具有不同内壁表面润湿性和粗糙度的微通道；系统研究了微通道内表面性质对其内流体流动特性的影响。结果表明，在微通道内表面浸润性相同（同为亲水或疏水）时，粗糙表面会比光滑表面给微通道内的流体流动带来更大的阻力，而且流体流动推动力越大时其影响越大；当微通道内表面粗糙度相同时，亲水表面会比疏水表面给微通道内的流体流动带来更大的阻力，而且流体流动推动力越大时其影响越显著；相比之下，微通道内表面浸润性对其内流体流动的影响比其粗糙度的影响更大。研究结果可以为微流动系统或微流体机械的设计和应用提供指导。