Abstract: Four isomers of alklybenzenesulfonate salts，Gemini surfactents，were synthesized from dodecylbenzene，triethanolamine，dichloromethane，1,2-dichloroethane and sodium hydroxide through a three-step process，which involves Fried-Crafts reaction，sulfonation and neutralization. The structures of intermediates were characterized by FTIR and 1H NMR. The surface tension of dilute aqueous solution of the product was measured at 25℃ by drop-volume method，and then the critical micelle concentration(CMC) was determined. One of the Gemini surfactants was employed as emulsifier in emulsion polymerization. The results indicated that the γCMC decreases with increasing the carbon atoms in the side alkyl or the bridge chains. It was also found that the surface tension value of Gemini surfactent neutralized with triethanolamine is the lowest in all the alklybenzenesulfonate salts. With the increase of emulsifier concentration，the latex particle size reduces in average，the polymerization equilibrium is improved and the conversion is increased.

摘要： 以十二烷基苯、二氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、三乙醇胺、NaOH等为原料，经傅-克烷基化反应、磺化及中和反应，合成出4种不同结构的烷基苯磺酸盐Gemini表面活性剂异构体，用FTIR和 1H NMR鉴定了中间产品的结构，用滴体积法测定表面活性剂水溶液25℃时的表面张力，确定了临界胶束浓度（CMC），并对其在乳液聚合中的应用做了研究。结果表明增加侧链烷基或桥链基碳原子的个数，表面活性剂的CMC和γCMC减小，三乙醇胺中和形成的烷基苯磺酸盐表面张力值最小；随着乳化剂浓度增加，乳胶粒子平均粒径减小，平衡时间缩短，转化率提高。