Abstract: Glycerol carbonate was synthesized through the reaction of glycerol with urea using ZnSO4 as catalyst. The product glycerol carbonate was confirmed by IR and MS. The release of carbon dioxide from glycerol carbonate provides the target product glycidol under the catalysis of sodium phosphate. Several factors for the carbon dioxide release reaction were investigated，such as reaction time，temperature，pressure，type and dosage of catalysts etc. The appropriate reaction conditions were obtained from response surface methodology as：reaction time 4 h，reaction temperature 215 ℃，reaction pressure 2 kPa，amount of catalyst 2.5 %(mass ratio). After rotary evaporation，glycidol was analyzed with IR，HNMR and GC，and the yield of which was 83.8% as measured by GC.

摘要： 以ZnSO4为催化剂，甘油和尿素反应合成碳酸甘油酯，分别以IR和MS对产物进行了结构表征。碳酸甘油酯在磷酸钠催化下脱掉一分子CO2得到缩水甘油。重点对碳酸甘油酯脱CO2得到缩水甘油的反应时间、反应温度、反应压力、催化剂种类及用量等因素进行了考察。并通过响应面分析法得到了适宜的反应条件为：反应时间4 h、反应温度215 ℃、反应压力2 kPa、催化剂用量2.5%（质量分数）。缩水甘油经旋转蒸发提纯，通过IR、HNMR进行了鉴定，GC测定产率可达到83.8%。