Abstract: Biofouling is one of the most serious problems faced in petroleum industry using refinery wastewater as their coolant fluid. Understanding the contribution of nutrient levels to biofouling control is important requirement for management strategies in the recirculating cooling water system. Thus，an orthogonal experiment was designed with BOD₅ (carbon source)，NH₄⁺-N (nitrogen source)，TP (phosphorus source) as the major influencing factors，and the preponderant microorganisms in biofouling were also identified. Results showed that the most important factor affecting polysaccharide，protein，EPS concentration and wet weight is BOD₅，followed by TP and then NH₄⁺-N. When BOD₅ is 5mg/L，NH₄⁺-N is 10mg/L and TP is 1mg/L in the circulating cooling water system，the biofouling is effectively controlled. In addition，the variation of nutrients concentrations in the recirculating cooling water system results in the change of polysaccharide content，protein content and the types of preponderant microorganisms.

摘要： 为研究循环冷却水系统内循环水水质与生物黏泥形成规律之间的相关关系，设计了以BOD₅（碳源）、NH₄⁺-N（氮源）、TP（磷源）为主要影响因素的正交实验，并对生物黏泥内的优势微生物进行了菌种鉴定。结果表明：各因素对EPS浓度、湿重和机械强度的影响最大是BOD₅，其次是TP，NH₄⁺-N对其浓度的影响最小，控制循环水中BOD₅浓度是控制生物黏泥生长最有效的措施。为控制生物黏泥的生长，循环冷却水中营养物的最佳浓度BOD₅为5 mg/L、NH₄⁺-N为10 mg/L、TP为1 mg/L。当循环冷却水系统中营养物质的浓度及比例构成发生变化时，主要的微生物种类以及生物黏泥胞外聚合物中多糖和蛋白质的浓度均发生了变化。