Abstract: Ethanol is not only one of the most important renewable fuels but also widely used in food industry，chemical engineering and medicine. High-cell-density fermentation (HCDF)，which has great application potential at industrial level，is effective in maximizing ethanol productivity and reducing industrial waste substantially. This review is aiming to provide a reference to the future research and development in HCDF ethanol production through analyzing the present evolution of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in starch based，including yeast selection and mutation，optimization in culture condition，process design and integration，as well as the developments in the application of multivariate statistical control，neural networks，fuzzy control and knowledge-based supervision.

摘要： 酒精不仅是重要的可再生能源，在食品、化工、医药等领域应用也极其广泛。高密度发酵（HCDF）能有效提高酒精产率降低能耗及废液排放，极具应用潜力。本文针对目前淀粉质原料HCDF中酵母选育、培养条件优化、工艺过程优化同步耦合及动力学模型的多元统计控制，综合分析了神经交叉网络-模糊控制和基于经验的实验系统等国内外最新进展，旨在为HCDF酒精生产工艺的进一步研究提供参考依据。