Abstract: A solid base catalyst supported on bentonite was introduced and used in the transesterification process for biodiesel production. The catalyst was prepared by adsorbing sodium hydroxide into the layers of semi-dried alkaline Ca-bentonite. The results of single factor experiments for catalyst preparation showed that the optimum conditions are：the mass ratio of NaOH and alkaline Ca-bentonite is 0.6，the loading time is 18 h，the temperature is 60 ^oC，and the OH^− contained in alkaline Ca-bentonite is 1.5 mmol∙g^−1，respectively，with which the loading amount of NaOH is 4.10 mmol∙g^−1. The transesterification conversion to biodiesel can be reached to 97.4% with the prepared catalyst，and the obtained biodiesel is no need to wash，which can avoid the release of a large amount of waste water and protect environment from being polluted.

摘要： 提出了一种负载型膨润土固体碱催化剂的制备方法，并将此催化剂用于生物柴油合成的酯交换反应。该催化剂通过碱性钙基膨润土在半干条件下负载氢氧化钠制得。催化剂制备的单因素实验结果表明：当氢氧化钠与碱性钙基膨润土的质量配比为0.6、负载时间为18 h、温度为60 ℃及碱性钙基膨润土中OH−含量为1.5 mmol/g时，催化剂中氢氧化钠负载量达到4.10 mmol/g。将该催化剂用于生物柴油酯交换反应，反应转化率可达97.4%，反应完成后生物柴油无需洗涤，避免了三废的大量排放，减少了对环境的污染。