Abstract: Heavy oil pyrolysis reaction was studied with formic acid as hydrogen donor and oil-soluble organic home-made nickel salt as catalyst，in high-pressure type I CWYF - reactor under simulated thermal recovery conditions. The effect of added hydrogen donor in water on the viscosity，group composition and sulfur content of heavy oil during the hydrothermal catalytic pyrolysis reaction was investigated，and the thermal conversion behavior of asphaltene before and after the catalytic pyrolysis reaction was analyzed by using TG - DTA analysis. The results showed that heavy oil viscosity reduction rate and contents of saturated hydrocarbons，aromatic hydrocarbon increased，but contents of resin，asphaltene decreased，and sulfur content decreased，with increasing mass fraction of hydrogen donor during the pyrolysis reaction. Through hydrogen donor hydrothermal catalytic pyrolysis reaction，the asphaltene TG - DTA curve analysis indicated that weight loss of asphaltene was higher after the hydrothermal catalytic pyrolysis reaction than before the reaction. After hydrothermal catalytic pyrolysis reaction of heavy oil，the stability of asphaltene became worse.

摘要： 利用CWYF-Ⅰ型高压反应釜模拟热采条件下，以甲酸作为供氢体、以自制的油溶性有机镍盐为催化剂进行的稠油水热裂解反应。考察了供氢体的加入对催化水热裂解反应前后稠油黏度、族组成及硫含量的影响，并采用TG-DTA分析法对供氢催化改质反应前后稠油中沥青质的热转化行为进行了分析。结果表明，随着加入供氢体质量分数增加，供氢催化水热裂解后稠油降黏率增大，饱和烃、芳香烃含量增加，胶质、沥青质含量降低，同时硫含量下降。供氢催化水热裂解反应后的稠油中沥青质TG-DTA曲线分析表明，供氢催化水热裂解反应后稠油中沥青质失重量高于催化水热裂解反应前稠油中含有的沥青质的失重量。经过供氢催化水热裂解反应，稠油中沥青质的稳定性下降。