Abstract: Pyrolysis of organic matter using microwave heating technique has shown obvious advantages. This review introduces the application of microwave heating in the pyrolysis of organic matter in China and overseas，and describes the microwave pyrolysis by analyzing the influences of physical characteristics，operation conditions，with and without adding microwave absorber on the process and products of pyrolysis. The perspectives of microwave heating technique in organic matter pyrolysis are presented，and the issues which need further study are also presented.

摘要： 微波加热作为一种独特的加热方式用于有机质的热解具有明显的优越性。综述了国内外有机质微波热解的研究应用，并通过分析物料特性、运行条件和是否添加微波吸收剂等因素对热解过程和产物的影响，对微波热解进行了阐述。展望了微波热解的应用前景，提出了需进一步研究和解决的问题。