Abstract: The present paper reviews the properties，synthesis methods and application of hyperbranched polymers. Synthesis reactions of hyperbranched polymers include polycondensation，active polymerization，ion polymerization and ring opening polymerization. New synthesis methods，including reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization and self-condensing group transfer polymerization are also reviewed.The polymers have good application prospects in coating，blending modification，polymeric membrane，medicine，nanophase composite material，polyelectrolyte and hyperbranched liquid crystal. The future study of such polymers is discussed.

摘要： 介绍了超支化聚合物的合成方法：缩聚法、活性聚合法、离子聚合法、开环聚合、可逆加成链转移聚合法和自缩合基团转移聚合等新型合成方法；阐述了目前超支化聚合物在涂料、共混改性、聚合物膜、药物、纳米复合材料、聚电解质、超支化液晶等方面的应用进展；展望了该类聚合物今后的研究发展方向。