Effect of Ca(OH)2 grouting on the property of alkali-activated solidified uranium tailing slags

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-1755

Abstract

Abstract:

The uranium tailings pond has a large volume and loose uranium tailing slags, which pose the risk of dam failure and diffusion of radioactive contamination. To address these issues, Ca(OH)₂ grouting combined with sodium hydroxide and metacolinite-water glass was utilized to solidify granite-type uranium tailing slags. The impact of injected Ca(OH)₂ mass fraction on the compressive strength, uranium leaching and radon exhalation of alkali-activated granite-type uranium tailings was investigated through microscopic morphology and physical and chemical analysis. Additionally, the solidification mechanism was elucidated. The experimental results showed that when the uranium slag was injected with 15.0% Ca(OH)₂, the standard triaxial compressive strength reached 6.8MPa after curing for 28d, which was a significant improvement of 4.4 times compared to the sample without Ca(OH)₂ injection. Additionally, adding Ca(OH)₂ reduced uranium leaching rate by 89% and radon exfiltration rate by 52%. SEM and XRD analysis indicated that compared with the control group, more gels of C-S-H and C-A-H and polymers of C-A-S-H were formed in the sample with Ca(OH)₂ mass fraction of 15.0%, which was the dominent reason for the improvement of compressive strength of solidified uranium tailing slags and the decrease of uranium leaching and radon exhalation. The research results laid a theoretical foundation for the application of alkali excitation in the reinforcement of granite-type uranium tailing slags.

Key words: uranium tailing slags, contamination, gels, alkali-activation, immobilization, uranium leaching rate, radon exhalation rate

摘要：

铀尾矿库体积庞大、铀矿渣颗粒松散，具有潜在的溃坝和放射性污染扩散的风险。为了解决上述问题，采用Ca(OH)₂注浆与氢氧化钠-偏高岭土-水玻璃相结合的方法固化花岗岩型铀尾矿，研究注入不同质量分数的Ca(OH)₂对碱激发固化花岗岩型铀尾矿渣抗压强度、铀浸出性、氡析出性的影响规律，并进行微观形貌和理化分析，揭示其固化机制。实验结果表明：铀矿渣样品在注入Ca(OH)₂质量分数为15.0%，养护28天时其标准三轴抗压强度达到6.8MPa，与未注入Ca(OH)₂的样品相比强度提升4.4倍，铀浸出率下降89%，氡析出率降低52%。SEM和XRD分析表明，注入Ca(OH)₂质量分数为15.0%的试样与对照组试样相比，其内部形成了较多的C-S-H和C-A-H凝胶以及C-A-S-H聚合物，促进了铀尾矿渣固化抗压强度的提升，降低了铀浸出率和氡析出率。研究结果为碱激发在花岗岩型铀尾矿渣加固中应用奠定一定的理论基础。

关键词: 铀尾矿渣, 污染, 凝胶, 碱激发, 固定化, 铀浸出率, 氡析出率

CLC Number:

TL941⁺.33

NIU Qianjin, LI Chunguang, LIU Zhenzhong, LIU Longcheng. Effect of Ca(OH)₂ grouting on the property of alkali-activated solidified uranium tailing slags[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(11): 6458-6467.

牛前进, 李春光, 刘振中, 刘龙成. Ca(OH)₂注浆对碱激发固化铀尾矿渣性能的影响[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(11): 6458-6467.

Figures/Tables 18

References 28

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组分	质量分数/%
SiO₂	85.25
Fe₂O₃	1.63
Al₂O₃	6.18
U	0.01
其他	6.85

组分	质量分数/%
SiO₂	85.25
Fe₂O₃	1.63
Al₂O₃	6.18
U	0.01
其他	6.85

组分	质量分数/%
SiO₂	54.28
Fe₂O₃	0.82
Al₂O₃	44.52
其他	0.38

组分	质量分数/%
SiO₂	54.28
Fe₂O₃	0.82
Al₂O₃	44.52
其他	0.38

组分	质量分数/%
SiO₂	27.3
Na₂O	8.54
Be(20℃)	38.5

Effect of Ca(OH)₂ grouting on the property of alkali-activated solidified uranium tailing slags

Ca(OH)₂注浆对碱激发固化铀尾矿渣性能的影响

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Figures/Tables 18

References 28

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组分	质量/g
铀尾矿	200
偏高岭土	54
NaOH	35
减水剂	2
水玻璃	32

组分	质量/g
铀尾矿	200
偏高岭土	54
NaOH	35
减水剂	2
水玻璃	32

Ca(OH)₂质量分数/%	孔隙率/%
0	16
5	10
10	8.8
15	0.95
20	1.2
25	4.6

Ca(OH)₂质量分数/%	孔隙率/%
0	16
5	10
10	8.8
15	0.95
20	1.2
25	4.6