Adsorption performance and mechanism for Pb(‍Ⅱ), Cu(‍Ⅱ) and Zn(‍Ⅱ) removal from aqueous solutions by Fe-CSH derived from steel slag

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-1510

Abstract

Abstract:

Steel slag was used as an in-situ source and sodium silicate as an activator to synthesize iron-hydrated calcium silicate (Fe-CSH) with hierarchical porous structure, which was used as an adsorbent for the efficient removal of heavy metals such as Pb(‍Ⅱ), Cu(‍Ⅱ) and Zn(‍Ⅱ) from the aqueous solutions. The effects of initial solution pH, Fe-CSH dosage and initial solution concentration on the adsorption performance of Pb(‍Ⅱ), Cu(‍Ⅱ) and Zn(‍Ⅱ), and the adsorption mechanism were revealed by means of adsorption kinetics, thermodynamics and characterization means such as X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Search Engine Marketing (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Brunauer Emmet Teller (BET) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). The results showed that the adsorption processes of Fe-CSH on Pb(‍Ⅱ‍), Cu(‍Ⅱ‍) and Zn(‍Ⅱ‍) were all in accordance with the proposed secondary kinetic model, and the adsorption on Pb(‍Ⅱ‍) and Cu(‍Ⅱ‍‍) were in accordance with the Langmuir model, while the adsorption on Zn(‍Ⅱ) was more in accordance with the Freundlich model, and the adsorption capacities were 1546mg/g, 483mg/g and 369mg/g, respectively. The efficient removal of heavy metals Pb(‍Ⅱ), Cu(‍Ⅱ) and Zn(‍Ⅱ) by Fe-CSH can be achieved through the mechanisms of physical adsorption, ion exchange, precipitation, and ligand complexation. This study followed the environmental protection concept of "waste for waste", which was of great significance for the resourceful use of adsorbents synthesized from solid wastes and the treatment of wastewater purification.

Key words: steel slag, heavy metal, iron-hydrated calcium silicate, adsorption performance, adsorption mechanism

摘要：

以钢渣为原位源、硅酸钠为活化剂合成多级孔结构的铁质水合硅酸钙（Fe-CSH），并将其作为吸附剂高效去除溶液中的Pb(‍Ⅱ)、Cu(‍Ⅱ)、Zn(‍Ⅱ)等重金属。重点探究初始溶液pH、Fe-CSH投加量和溶液初始浓度对Pb(‍Ⅱ)、Cu(‍Ⅱ)、Zn(‍Ⅱ)吸附性能的影响，并通过吸附动力学、热力学以及X射线衍射、傅里叶变换红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、比表面积分析、X射线光电子能谱等手段对其吸附机理进行解析。结果表明，Fe-CSH对Pb(‍Ⅱ)、Cu(‍Ⅱ)、Zn(‍Ⅱ)的吸附过程均符合拟二级动力学模型，对Pb(‍Ⅱ)、Cu(‍Ⅱ)的吸附符合Langmuir模型，而对Zn(‍Ⅱ)的吸附更符合Freundlich模型，去除容量分别为1546mg/g、483mg/g和369mg/g；通过物理吸附、离子交换、沉淀和配位络合等作用机制实现重金属Pb(‍Ⅱ)、Cu(‍Ⅱ)、Zn(‍Ⅱ)的高效去除。本研究遵循“以废治废”环保理念，对利用固体废弃物合成吸附剂的资源化利用和污水净化处理都具有重要意义。

关键词: 钢渣, 重金属, 铁质水合硅酸钙, 吸附性能, 吸附机理

CLC Number:

X703

SHAN Shuyue, LUO Zhongqiu, ZHOU Xintao, SHANG Bo, TIAN Xincong, YAN Cuirong. Adsorption performance and mechanism for Pb(‍Ⅱ), Cu(‍Ⅱ) and Zn(‍Ⅱ) removal from aqueous solutions by Fe-CSH derived from steel slag[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(10): 5867-5880.

单书月, 罗中秋, 周新涛, 尚波, 田鑫聪, 阎崔蓉. 钢渣构筑Fe-CSH吸附溶液中Pb(‍Ⅱ)、Cu(‍Ⅱ)、Zn(‍Ⅱ)性能及机理[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(10): 5867-5880.

Figures/Tables 19

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组分	质量分数/%
CaO	34.33
Fe₂O₃	21.72
SiO₂	16.73
MnO	6.80
MgO	5.76
Al₂O₃	4.24
TiO₂	3.26
P₂O₅	2.14
其他	5.02

组分	质量分数/%
CaO	34.33
Fe₂O₃	21.72
SiO₂	16.73
MnO	6.80
MgO	5.76
Al₂O₃	4.24
TiO₂	3.26
P₂O₅	2.14
其他	5.02

样本	BET比表面积/m²·g^-1	平均孔径/nm	孔体积/cm³·g^-1
钢渣	3.240	23.548	0.021
Fe-CSH	171.855	4.070	0.154

样本	BET比表面积/m²·g^-1	平均孔径/nm	孔体积/cm³·g^-1
钢渣	3.240	23.548	0.021
Fe-CSH	171.855	4.070	0.154

吸附质	Q_{e, exp}/mg·g^-1	拟一级动力学模型			拟二级动力学模型
吸附质	Q_{e, exp}/mg·g^-1	Q_{e, the}/mg·g^-1	K₁/min^-1	R₁²	Q_{e, the}/mg·g^-1	K₂/g·mg^-1·min^-1	R₂²
Pb(‍Ⅱ)	532	719	0.322	0.9648	534	2.35×10^-3	0.9999
Cu(‍Ⅱ)	225	280	0.203	0.9449	233	2.72×10^-3	0.9998
Zn(‍Ⅱ)	172	162	0.018	0.9896	202	1.20×10^-4	0.9986