Abstract:

Based on the production needs of low-sulfur heavy marine fuel and the background of the transformation and upgrading of the refinery to maximize the raw materials production for reforming and ethylene cracking, this paper analyzes the economics of two heavy oil processing schemes of ebullating bed and slurry bed, which are typically used in the production of low-sulfur ship fuel in refining and chemical integrated enterprises, in terms of product distribution, product properties and subsequent processing routes. The results show that, compared with the slurry bed hydrogenation scheme, the fluidized bed scheme gives lower residue hydrogenation conversion rate, dry gas yield, and nitrogen content in various distillates. In addition, the ebullating bed residue hydrogenation scheme can directly produce low-sulfur ship fuel without waste residue, consume less hydrogen, and produce more jet fuel, naphtha and aromatics. When the crude oil price was 50 USD, the ebullating bed scheme has a gross profit after excise tax deduction of 1.613×10⁹ CNY more than the slurry bed program. It can be seen that for the refining and chemical enterprises with low-sulfur ship fuel production needs, the ebullating bed heavy oil processing route is more economically competitive.

Key words: refining-chemical integration, residue processing, ebullating bed hydrogenation, slurry bed hydrogenation, low sulphur marine fuel

摘要：

基于低硫重质船用燃料油生产需要以及炼厂最大化生产重整原料和乙烯裂解原料转型升级背景，本文针对典型炼化一体化企业生产低硫船用燃料油，分别采用沸腾床和浆态床的不同重油加工方案从产品分布、产品性质及后续加工路线等进行经济性分析。结果表明，相比于浆态床加氢方案，尽管沸腾床渣油加氢转化率低于浆态床，但由于转化后的产品中干气收率低、各种馏分油的氮含量显著低于浆态床方案，且可以直接生产低硫船用燃料油、不存在废渣处理等优势，此外，耗氢较低，同时航煤、石脑油及芳烃产量增量明显，以50美元效益测算价测算，沸腾床方案扣消费税毛利较浆态床方案高16.13亿元。可见，对于有低硫船用燃料油生产需求的炼化企业，采用沸腾床重油加工路线在经济性方面更具竞争力。

关键词: 炼化一体化, 重油加工, 沸腾床加氢, 浆态床加氢, 低硫船用燃料油