Abstract: In the operation and maintenance of ammonia synthesis process with semi-water gas,coking problem of a Guizhou company's compressor heat exchanger is one of the most prominent and urgent problem. Coking not only caused the heat transfer efficiency decrease,increased the resistance,reduced compression ratio,but also seriously affected the normal operation of production. This paper aimed at the compression section of synthetic ammonia coking phenomenon of a Guizhou company. Based on coking mechanism and composition,ultrasonic cleaning method was used. OP-10,sodium dodecyl sulfate were selected as leaning agent. Sodium hydroxide was selected as co-cleaning agent. Optimum composition and concentration of ultrasonic cleaning agent,cleaning temperature and cleaning ability were studied. Experimental results showed that the composition of the cleaning agent is 60g/L OP-10 emulsifier,50g/L sodium dodecyl sulfonate,3g/L sodium hydroxide with the volume ratio of 1∶2∶2. When the ultrasonic cleaning was performed at 50℃,the cleaning result was the best.

Key words: compressor, heat exchanger, heat transfer, surfactants, ultrasonic cleaning, cleaning agent

摘要： 在贵州某公司以半水煤气合成氨工艺的运行维护中，压缩机级间换热器结焦是一个最为突出、急需解决的问题。结焦造成换热效率下降，阻力增加，压缩比降低，严重影响生产的正常运行。本文以贵州某公司合成氨压缩工段换热器结焦为研究对象，根据前期对结焦机理及结焦物化学组分的研究，采用超声清洗方法，选取OP-10、十二烷基磺酸钠作为主剂，氢氧化钠作为碱性助剂，研究对比各试剂的清焦能力，并对其进行复配，考察清洗剂的组成、浓度以及清洗温度对焦垢去除能力的影响。结果表明：OP-10乳化剂最佳浓度为60g/L，十二烷基磺酸钠的最佳浓度为50g/L，氢氧化钠的最佳浓度为3g/L；且当浓度为60 g/L的OP-10乳化剂、50 g/L的十二烷基磺酸钠和3g/L的氢氧化钠复配组成体积比为1∶2∶2的清洗剂，在50℃时对焦垢进行超声清洗的清洗效果最好。

关键词: 压缩机, 换热器, 传热, 表面活性剂, 超声清洗, 清洗剂