Abstract: Two kinds of mesophase pitch microbeads（MPMB-1 and MPMB-2，about 25μm in diameter）with narrow size distribution and perfect spherical shape were prepared by emulsion method from mesophase pitches based on FCC-decant oil（FCC-MP）and naphtha-tar pitch（AR-MP），respectively. After oxidation，carbonization and graphitization，mesophase graphite microbeads（MGMB-1 and MGMB-2）were obtained. The prepared microbeads were characterized by using polarizing microscope，scanning electron microscope（SEM）and X-ray diffraction（XRD）. Results showed that MPMB-1 and MPMB-2 have an irregular and distorted lamellar structure of oriented aromatic hydrocarbons. After graphitization at 2800 ℃，interlayer spacing（d002）of MGMB-1 and MGMB-2 were a little larger than that of MGMB-3 which was prepared by polycondensation of FCC-decant oil. Electrochemical measurements showed that MGMB-1and MGMB-2 have better cyclability and cycle efficiency than those of MGMB-3 as an anode of a Li-ion battery. The first discharge capacities of MGMB-1 and MGMB-2 were measured as 305 mAh/g and 302 mAh/g，respectively.