关键词: 焦化加热炉, 发展历程, 炉型特点, 关键技术

Abstract:

The design and operation of coking heater is the key technology of delayed coking. The paper expounded the development course of coking heater, summarized scale and heater type of the coking unit in each production enterprise of three major oil companies, and described the technical characteristics of double-sided radiant box heater and step heater. The key technology of coking heater developed in China in recent years was emphatically introduced form the coking mechanism of coking furnace tube, the characterization of raw material reaction and its industrial application. At present, most of the coking heater in the oil refineries are double-sided radiant box furnaces, and the newly-built devices mostly adopt the stepped furnace type. Based on the coking mechanism of the furnace tube in China, through the establishment of a coking raw material processing performance evaluation method, the coking furnace process simulation technology was developed, and new guidelines for the design and operation of the furnace tube coking were proposed, and a process technology that increased the reaction heat with a low temperature and long residence time was established. In the future, in the design and transformation of coking equipment, it is necessary to judge the coking characteristics in advance based on the nature of the raw materials, adopt advanced combustion methods, reasonable furnace tube layout and process design, improve the flow state in the tube, and optimize key operations, etc. On the premise of controlling the coking of the furnace tube, try to increase the cracking reaction depth at the furnace outlet as much as possible, so as to achieve the purpose of improving product distribution and extending the operation cycle of the device.

Key words: coking heater, development course, heater type, key technology