Abstract: The lignin-quaternary/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite resin was made from lignin after phenolization and amination，using glutaraldehyde as cross-linking agent，PVA as carrier. The resin was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The reaction of phenolized lignin with quaternary amine salt was investigated by orthogonal test. Additionally，the modification mechanism was discussed. The results showed that the optimum conditions of aminating modification were as follows：concentration of sodium hydroxide 4mol/L，reaction temperature 70℃，dosage of quaternary amine salt 40%，reaction time 2 h. The anion exchange capacity of the resin obtained under optimum conditions was 0.89mmol/g.