超支化絮凝剂对废弃油基钻井液的絮凝效果评价

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-1094

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

油基钻井液受地层土等劣质固相的不断侵入，流变性能严重恶化，采用溶剂萃取、热蒸馏等技术难以有效处理，会造成资源浪费。为实现对废弃油基钻井液的再生利用，本文选取超支化聚合物作为絮凝主剂，进行季铵化和疏水改性，制得具备良好选择性的油溶性絮凝剂；通过红外光谱、热重分析等方法测定了絮凝剂分子的结构与热稳定性，探究了絮凝剂加量对钻井液密度、固相含量和流变性能的影响，通过zeta电位和矿物组分分析，进行了絮凝剂的絮凝机理分析。结果表明：絮凝剂加量1.0‰时，可有效絮凝、沉淀钻井液体系中的劣质固相，对两种油基钻井液废液处理后固相清除率可达到80.6%和63.8%，处理后钻井液密度分别为0.733g/cm³和0.745g/cm³，其配伍性和流变性能满足钻井要求，可实现钻井液的再生循环利用。

关键词: 油基钻井液, 钻屑, 絮凝剂, 超支化聚酰胺胺, 再生循环

Abstract:

The rheological property of oil-based drilling fluid is seriously deteriorated by the continuous intrusion of poor solid phase such as formation soil, and it is difficult to effectively deal with it by solvent extraction, thermal distillation and other technologies, which will cause waste of resources. In order to realize the reuse of waste oil-based drilling fluid, quaternization and hydrophobic modification were carried out with hyperbranched polymer as the main flocculant, and oil-soluble flocculant with good selectivity was prepared. The molecular structure and thermal stability of the flocculant were determined by infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and other methods, and the effects of the addition of the flocculant on the density, solid phase content and rheological properties of drilling fluid were explored. The flocculant mechanism was analyzed by zeta potential and mineral component analysis. The results showed that when the dosage of flocculant was 1.0‰, the inferior solid phase in the drilling fluid system could be effectively flocculated and deposited, the solid phase clearance rate of the two kinds of oil-based drilling fluid after waste treatment could reach 80.6% and 63.8%, and the density of the treated drilling fluid was 0.733g/cm³ and 0.745g/cm³, respectively. The compatibility and rheology of the treated drilling fluid could meet drilling requirements. It could realize the recycling of drilling fluid.

Key words: oil-based drilling fluid, drilling cuttings, flocculant, hyperbranched polyamide amine, regeneration cycle

中图分类号:

TE254

刘金刚, 刘庆旺, 范振忠, 王洋洋, 周明. 超支化絮凝剂对废弃油基钻井液的絮凝效果评价[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(8): 4738-4747.

LIU Jingang, LIU Qingwang, FAN Zhenzhong, WANG Yangyang, ZHOU Ming. Evaluation of flocculation effect of hyperbranched flocculant on waste oil-based drilling fluid[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(8): 4738-4747.

图/表 15

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絮凝剂	水溶性测试			油溶性测试
絮凝剂	样品质量/g	不溶物质量/g	在水中溶解度/%	样品质量/g	不溶物质量/g	在油中溶解度/%
3.0G-PAMAM	0.998	0.043	95.7	1.003	0896	10.7
PAMAM-DMC	1.005	0.212	78.9	0.997	0.511	48.7
PAMAM-ODA	1.009	0.698	30.8	0.991	0	100

絮凝剂	水溶性测试			油溶性测试
絮凝剂	样品质量/g	不溶物质量/g	在水中溶解度/%	样品质量/g	不溶物质量/g	在油中溶解度/%
3.0G-PAMAM	0.998	0.043	95.7	1.003	0896	10.7
PAMAM-DMC	1.005	0.212	78.9	0.997	0.511	48.7
PAMAM-ODA	1.009	0.698	30.8	0.991	0	100

组成	1^#	1^#处理浆	2^#	2^#处理浆
黏土矿物总量	3.96%	3.15%	6.65%	8.55%
重晶石	5.07%	0	9.43%	0
石英	18.78%	0.99%	21.33%	1.98%
方解石	5.78%	2.38%	8.16%	5.98%

组成	1^#	1^#处理浆	2^#	2^#处理浆
黏土矿物总量	3.96%	3.15%	6.65%	8.55%
重晶石	5.07%	0	9.43%	0
石英	18.78%	0.99%	21.33%	1.98%
方解石	5.78%	2.38%	8.16%	5.98%

测试项目	1^#油基钻井液				2^#油基钻井液
测试项目	原浆热滚前	原浆热滚后	处理浆热滚前	处理浆热滚后	原浆热滚前	原浆热滚后	处理浆热滚前	处理浆热滚后
密度/g·cm^-3	1.11	—	0.733	—	1.21	—	0.745	—
固相含量/%	33.60	—	6.53	—	45.57	—	16.5	—
固相清除率/%	—	—	80.6	—	—	—	63.8	—
API滤失量/mL	16	24	5	7	10	22	3.5	8
表观黏度/mPa·s	69.5	66	12.5	11.5	139.5	133	31	29.5
塑性黏度/mPa·s	61	58	11	11	121	118	28	27
动切力/Pa	8.7	8.2	1.5	0.5	18.9	15.3	3.1	2.6
静切力/Pa	1.5/2.0	1.5/3.1	0.5/1.0	0.5/1.5	5.6/13	4.1/9.7	1.0/2.6	0.5/2.0