Abstract:

Quantum dots（QDs），as fluorescent semiconductor nanoparticles，have become one of the fast growing research areas in nanotechnology. With the advances in QD technology，such as bioluminescence resonance energy transfer and smaller size non-Cd based QDs preparation，it is likely that QDs will show even more potential in biomedical applications. This review begins with a brief introduction on the basic concept and properties of QDs followed by a detailed discussion for two different preparation strategies of QDs in organic solvents and aqueous solution. The advantages and drawbacks of these approaches are analyzed and compared，and their applications in biomedical research（including protein and nucleic acid，components detecting，fluorescent coding and cell marking）are reviewed. Existing problems and future research prospects are also presented.

摘要：

量子点作为一种优良的荧光半导体纳米粒子，已成为纳米技术领域最受关注的研究对象之一，并成功应用于生命科学等领域。随着小粒径的低毒无镉量子点的制备和量子点荧光共振能量转移等新技术的发展，量子点在生命科学领域将展示出更大的应用空间。本文介绍了量子点的基本概念和性质，探讨了近年来在有机溶剂和水溶液两种不同介质中制备量子点的方法，并分析比较了其优缺点；对量子点在生物医学领域（包括蛋白质和核酸研究、组分检测、荧光编码及细胞标记等）的应用进行了综述和展望，指出了目前存在的问题和今后的发展方向。