Abstract: In order to determine the mineral compositions of the concretions on the surface of the underwater porcelains from Huaguang reef I wreck ship，greenishish-white porcelain was taken as an example and energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis （XRF）and X-ray diffraction （XRD） were used to determine the structural and chemical compositions of different color concretions. The sample contained aragonite （CaCO3），calcite and magnesia [(Ca，Mg)CO3]. The disease of concretions on the surface of the underwater porcelains was summarized. The removal experiment of concretion was performed using chemical reagents，and the reaction time and reaction concentration were analyzed. On the basis of little harm to the porcelain，3 percent of malic acid （MA） and 5 percent of diethylene triamine pentacetic acid （DTPA） and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid disodium salt （EDTA-2Na） were chosen to remove the concretion on the greenish-white porcelain as chemical reagents. This work should be helpful to the conservation of underwater porcelain.

Key words: Underwater porcelain, Concretion, Damages, Cleaning experiment, underwater porcelain, concretion, damages, cleaning experiment

摘要： 为了对“华光礁I号”沉船出水陶瓷器表面黄白色沉积物进行了结构和化学组分的确定，以青白瓷为例，通过利用X射线荧光（XRF）、X射线衍射分析（XRD）分析方法，确认黄白色沉积物主要以碳酸盐类的文石、方解石为主。总结了出水陶瓷表面沉积物的病害，研究了不同的化学试剂对沉积物进行清洗去除实验，对反应时间、浓度进行了分析，根据对陶瓷器损伤最低的原则，选择3%的苹果酸、5%的二乙三胺五乙酸和乙二胺四乙酸二钠作为出水瓷器文物表面黄白色沉积物的清洗去除试剂。本研究结果可为中国海洋出水陶瓷器的保护提供参考和借鉴。

关键词: 出水瓷器, 沉积物, 瓷器损伤, 清洗实验, 出水瓷器, 沉积物, 瓷器损伤, 清洗实验