Abstract: CO₂ methanation is one of the effective ways to realize resource recycling on greenhouse gas, CO₂. This article was aimed to review the research progress in catalysts for catalytic CO₂ hydrogenation to produce methane in the past few years. The Ni-based catalysts were widely studied in literature. The effects of Al₂O₃, SiO₂ and La₂O₃ supports and CeO₂, La₂O₃ additives on the performance of Ni-based CO₂ methanation catalysts were mainly introduced, together with the effects of the structures, electronic performances and chemical properties of supports and additives on the performance of the Ni-based methanation catalysts. The Co-based CO₂ methanation catalysts with ordered mesoporous structures also exhibited superior catalytic activities comparing with the studied Ni-based CO₂ methanation catalysts. The results indicated that the novel structure was also a key factor to affect the catalytic performance of catalytic CO₂ methanation. And CO₂ methanation performance at low temperature can be improved by the modulation of catalyst structures and composition, which could lay a foundation for the industrialization of CO₂ methanation process.

Key words: carbon dioxide, catalysis, hydrogenation, methanation, C₁ resources

摘要： CO₂催化加氢甲烷化反应是温室气体CO₂资源化利用的有效途径之一。本文回顾了CO₂催化加氢甲烷化催化剂的研究现状, 其中Ni基催化剂是研究最为广泛的CO₂甲烷化催化剂。重点介绍了Al₂O₃、SiO₂和La₂O₃载体及CeO₂和La₂O₃助剂等对Ni基催化剂CO₂甲烷化性能的影响, 阐述了载体的结构、电子性能、化学性能和助剂等对Ni基催化剂CO₂甲烷化性能的影响。结合几种非Ni基CO₂甲烷化催化剂的对比研究发现, 具有有序介孔结构的Co基催化剂也表现出了优越的CO₂甲烷化性能。由此表明, 催化剂新颖的结构也是影响CO₂甲烷化性能的重要因素, 通过催化剂结构、组成等的调变, 能实现CO₂低温高效甲烷化, 为CO₂甲烷化工业化进程奠定基础。

关键词: 二氧化碳, 催化, 加氢, 甲烷化, C₁资源