Abstract: [HSO3-pmim]Cl，[HSO3-pmim][BF4]，[Hpyro][HSO4]and[HSO3-pmim][PTSA] ionic liquids were synthesized and the their structures were characterized by 1H-NMR and FT-IR. Glycerol triacetate was synthesized by using these acidic functional ionic liquids as catalyst，and an ionic liquid [HSO3-pmim][PTSA] with better catalytic performance was selected and could be repeatedly used. The influences of the amount of catalyst，raw material proportion，reaction time and reaction temperature on the reaction were investigated. The optimum conditions were obtained as follows：n(glycerol)︰n(acetic acid)=1︰8，catalyst amount 10.5% the total weight of glycerol and acetic acid，reaction time 6 h and reaction temperature 120 ℃. Repeated use of the ionic liquid was investigated. Under the optimum conditions，when the catalyst was repeatedly used for 7 times，the yield of glycerol triacetate still reached 90%.

摘要： 合成了[HSO3-pmim]Cl、[HSO3-pmim][BF4]、[Hpyro][HSO4]和[HSO3-pmim][PTSA]离子液体，用1H-NMR和FT-IR对离子液体的结构进行了确定。将这几种酸功能化离子液体应用于三乙酸甘油酯的合成反应中，筛选出了一种催化效果好、可重复使用的离子液体[HSO3-pmim][PTSA]。考察了催化剂用量、原料配比、反应时间和反应温度对反应结果的影响。得到了较佳反应条件：即n(甘油)︰n(乙酸) =1︰8，催化剂用量为醇酸总质量的10.5%，反应时间6 h，反应温度120 ℃。并对离子液体的重复使用性进行了考察，重复使用7次后，三乙酸甘油酯的收率仍大于90%。