Abstract: Polynitrogen anion N5－ is an important intermediate in the synthesis of N5+N5－，an energetic material. The synthesis，reaction mechanism，characterization and stability of arylpentazoles were summarized，and the efforts to obtain N5－ by dearylation of arylpentazoles were also discussed. It was found that arylpentazoles were synthesized successfully using arylamines as starting material and characterized by means of Raman spectroscopy，NMR and single crystal X-ray diffracion analysis at a low temperature. The effect of substituted groups and solvent on the stability of arylpentazoles were investigated，and the signal of N5－ was detected by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry in negative-ion mode. However，it was concluded experimentally that it was difficult to obtain N5－ by chemical methods because of the bad stability of arylpentazoles.

Key words: polynitrogen compound, polynitrogen anion N5－, arylpentazole

摘要： 全氮阴离子N5－是制备全氮高能盐N5+N5－的重要中间体。综述了N5－的前体化合物芳基五唑的合成方法与反应机理、结构表征和稳定性研究；概述了用去芳基化反应合成N5－的研究进展。现阶段，通过芳胺的重氮化、环加成反应成功合成出芳基五唑，利用低温条件下的拉曼光谱、核磁共振谱及单晶衍射等手段获得了五唑环的结构信息，并系统研究了取代基和溶剂对芳基五唑稳定性的影响，进而利用电离法在质谱中检测到了N5－的信号。但是，利用化学法未能实现宏观量级的制备，芳基五唑类化合物较差的稳定性是造成N5－的化学合成难以取得突破性进展的主要原因。

关键词: 全氮材料, 全氮阴离子N5－, 芳基五唑