Abstract:

Recently，with the global shortage of fossil fuels，price hike of crude oil and increased environmental concerns have resulted in the rapid growth of biodiesel production. The central reaction in the biodiesel production is the transesterification reaction which can be catalyzed either chemically or biologically. Enzymatic transesterification has certain advantages over chemical catalysis of transesterification，as it is less energy intensive，allows easy recovery of glycerol as a by-product and the transesterification of glycerides with high free fatty acid contents. This article reviews the current status and latest development of biodiesel production with immobilized lipase，including various feedstocks，source of lipases，immobilization techniques，lipase inactivation caused by methanol（ethanol）and glycerol. Lastly，future perspective for biodiesel production catalyzed by immobilized lipase is discussed.

摘要：

近年来由于化石燃料的全球性短缺、原油价格的过度上涨和环境问题的加剧致使生物柴油的生产迅速增长。生物柴油生产的关键反应是化学或生物催化的转酯反应，酶催化的转酯反应与化学催化相比有相对节能、副产物甘油易回收及适合高含量游离脂肪酸油脂作为底物等明显优势。本文综述了固定化脂肪酶生产生物柴油的现状及最新进展，包括生物柴油的原料、脂肪酶的来源、酶的固定化技术、甲（乙）醇及甘油对脂肪酶的失活作用，展望了固定化脂肪酶生产生物柴油的未来前景。