Abstract:

Diamondoids are cage-like saturated hydrocarbons consisting of fused cyclohexane rings. This family of organic compounds follows the general chemical formula of C_4n+6 H_4n+12. Adamantane is the smallest member of the diamondoids family with n=1, whose C skeleton structure is similar to the diamond lattice. Due to the special cage structure and the superexcellent physical，chemical and pharmacological properties，diamondoids have been a hot topic of research. Structure，nomenclature，properties of diamondiods，especially chemical properties and synthesis of the derivatives of diamondoids are reviewed.

摘要：

金刚烃是由多个环己烷构成的饱和笼状烃，此类有机化合物的分子式为C_4n+6H_4n+12。金刚烷则是最小的金刚烃化合物（即n=1时），其C原子骨架类似于金刚石的一个晶格单元。由于其独特的笼状结构和特殊的化学、物理和药理学性质，因此其逐渐成为研究的热点。本文介绍了金刚烃的结构、命名、性质，重点介绍了金刚烃的化学性质及其衍生物的合成。