Abstract: Diatomite supported dawson structure copper phosphotungstate (40%Cu₂H₂P₂W₁₈O₆₂·nH₂O/diatomite) was prepared by liquid impregnation and was characterized with fourier transforming infrared spectrum (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy(EDS). Then it was used to catalyze the cyclodehydration of 1, 4-butanediol to prepare tetrahyfrofuran (THF). The effects of catalyst dosage, reaction temperature, reaction time and catalyst reusability were investigated. The results showed that Cu₂H₂P₂W₁₈O₆₂·nH₂O were spherical and distributed evenly on the surface of the diatomite supports which were holemesh-shaped. Copper phosphotungstate kept in the dawson structure before or after supported on the diatomite carrier. Under the optimal reaction conditions, i.e. the mass ratio of catalyst to 1, 4-butanediol 2.3%, reaction temperature 185℃ and reaction time 35min, the yield of THF reached 94.8%. Even used for six times, the catalyst made the yield of THF reach 86.5%. Cu₂H₂P₂W₁₈O₆₂·nH₂O/diatomite catalyst showed good activity, stability and simple process to prepare, providing a new route for the synthesis of THF.

Key words: copper phosphotungstate, diatomite, catalyst support, catalysis, tetrahydrofuran

摘要： 利用液相浸渍法制备出新型硅藻土负载Dawson结构磷钨酸铜催化剂(40%Cu₂H₂P₂W₁₈O₆₂·nH₂O/硅藻土),并对其进行FTIR、XRD、SEM及EDS表征。以40%Cu₂H₂P₂W₁₈O₆₂·nH₂O/硅藻土为催化剂,催化1,4-丁二醇合成四氢呋喃,考察了各相关因素对四氢呋喃收率的影响。结果表明:磷钨酸铜呈球状,比较均匀地负载在圆筛型的硅藻土载体上,且负载前后均保持Dawson结构。在优化反应条件下即:w(催化剂)=2.3%(相对1,4-丁二醇质量),温度为185℃,时间为35min,四氢呋喃收率为94.8%。催化剂重复使用6次,四氢呋喃收率仍可保持在86.5%。催化剂具有良好的活性及稳定性,工艺简单,为四氢呋喃的绿色合成提供了新的途径。

关键词: 磷钨酸铜, 硅藻土, 催化剂载体, 催化, 四氢呋喃