Abstract: Four series of polyurethane foams were prepared from main polyether mixed with low hydroxyl value polyether alcohol，middle hydroxyl value polyether alcohol，phthalic anhydride polyester polyalcohol and polymer polyalcohol respectively. The addition of low and middle hydroxyl value polyether alcohol resulted in the decrease of bubble diameter，TMN3050 with low hydroxyl value resulted in the decrease of foam mechanical properties，TMN700 resulted in the improvement of compression and impact strength of the foam，but the decrease in bending strength. Low addition dosage of TPOP36/28 resulted in the decrease of bubble diameter and the improvement of compression and impact strength of the foam，but the bending strength also decreased; addition of PS400A decreased the bubble diameter，but the density and mechanical properties of the foam decreased sharply.

摘要： 将中等羟值聚醚多元醇、低羟值聚醚多元醇、聚合物多元醇和苯酐聚酯多元醇分别与基础聚醚多元醇复配，制备了全水发泡硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料，研究了4种不同组合多元醇对制品力学性能的影响，发现低羟值多元醇的加入使泡孔直径明显减小；过低羟值的TMN3050的加入对力学性能的提高不利；TMN700使泡沫体的压缩强度略为增加，冲击强度大幅提高，弯曲强度略为下降；聚合物多元醇TPOP36/28在低添加量下，制得硬泡泡孔直径明显减小，压缩强度和冲击强度大幅增加，弯曲强度降低；苯酐聚酯多元醇PS400A，使泡孔直径减小，制得硬泡的密度和力学性能大幅降低。