Feasibility of starting anammox process with municipal waste sludge as seed sludge

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-0742

Abstract

Abstract:

Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Anammox) process has been rapidly developed due to its excellent nitrogen removal performance and low consumption, but the lack of sufficient Anammox sludge limits the practical application. Although adopting Anammox sludge containing anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AAOB) as seed sludge can shorten the start-up period, it is impractical since the Anammox sludge is expensive. Therefore, in this study, the feasibility of starting Anammox process by adopting municipal waste sludge as seed sludge was explored, and the performance was optimized by adjusting the operational parameters. The results showed that the Anammox could be successfully started-up after 59d's operation in three phases (aerobic+anaerobic, aerobic with temperature control and anaerobic with temperature control), and the Anammox showed strong nitrogen removal on the 33rd day. The stirring period of 10h was the shortest that the Anammox could endure, and the maximum total nitrogen removal rates could reach 0.555kg/(m³·d). After the reactor ran stably, the microbial diversity decreased, while the nitrogen removal related bacteria was significantly enriched, with the relative abundances of Candidatus_Kuenenia, Denitratisoma, Arenimonas, and Truepera increased from 0.8%, 0.9%, 3.2%, and 4.0% to 20.4%, 15.2%, 10.1%, and 8.9%, respectively. Adopting municipal waste sludge as the seed sludge for Anammox could solve the difficult start-up problem of Anammox, as well as provide a new way for treating excess sludge.

Key words: Anammox, municipal waste sludge, rapid start-up, bioreactors, waste water

摘要：

厌氧氨氧化工艺（Anammox）因其优异的脱氮性能和无须外加有机碳源的优点得到快速发展，但厌氧氨氧化污泥的大量缺乏导致该工艺难以快速启动，限制了其实际应用。尽管采用含有厌氧氨氧化菌（AAOB）的Anammox污泥作为接种物可以加快启动过程，但在实际污水处理中接种价格昂贵的Anammox污泥是不切实际的。因此，本文探究了以城市废弃污泥为种泥启动Anammox的可行性，并通过逐步调节运行参数对Anammox性能进行优化。结果表明，经过好氧+厌氧、好氧控温和厌氧控温3个阶段共59天即可成功启动Anammox工艺，第33天即表现出较强的Anammox脱氮性能。搅拌反应10h为Anammox能承受的最短时间，总氮去除负荷最高可达到0.555kg/(m³·d)。反应器运行稳定后，微生物的种类和多样性逐渐下降，但脱氮功能菌群丰度整体呈显著上升的趋势，Candidatus_Kuenenia、Denitratisoma、Arenimonas和Truepera的相对丰度分别从启动前的0.8%、0.9%、3.2%和4.0%提高到20.4%、15.2%、10.1%和8.9%。以城市废弃污泥为种泥可以解决Anammox种泥来源少的问题，同时为污水处理过程产生的剩余污泥提供了一种出路。

关键词: 厌氧氨氧化, 城市废弃污泥, 快速启动, 生物反应器, 废水

CLC Number:

X703

ZHANG Han, ZHANG Xiaojing, MA Bingbing, NAI Can, LIU Shuoshuo, MA Yongpeng, SONG Yali. Feasibility of starting anammox process with municipal waste sludge as seed sludge[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(2): 1080-1088.

张涵, 张肖静, 马冰冰, 佴灿, 刘烁烁, 马永鹏, 宋亚丽. 以城市废弃污泥为种泥启动厌氧氨氧化工艺的可行性[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(2): 1080-1088.

Figures/Tables 8

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运行阶段	运行时间/d	进水氨氮/mg·L^-1	进水亚氮/mg·L^-1	碱度/mg·L^-1	曝气量/L·min^-1	T/℃	实验运行
P1	1～59	200	0/250/200	1600/1200	0～0.15	15.9～31.6	好氧28h→好氧24h+厌氧20h→ 好氧42h（控温）→ 厌氧42～68h（控温）
P2	60～93	200	200/230	1200	0	21.1～25.8	厌氧42h
P3	94～121	200	230	1200	0	24.2～26.2	厌氧40h→36h→ 30h→24h
P4	122～146	200	230/250	1200	0	24.9～27.9	厌氧18h→16h→14h
P5	147～155	200	250	1200	0	25.0～26.9	厌氧12h
P6	156～170	200	250	1200	0	24.0～26.9	厌氧12h+厌氧9h
P7	171～192	200	250	1200	0	24.1～27.3	厌氧10h+厌氧10h
P8	193～230	200	250	1200	0	19.4～25.7	厌氧8h+厌氧8h→厌氧10h

运行阶段	运行时间/d	进水氨氮/mg·L^-1	进水亚氮/mg·L^-1	碱度/mg·L^-1	曝气量/L·min^-1	T/℃	实验运行
P1	1～59	200	0/250/200	1600/1200	0～0.15	15.9～31.6	好氧28h→好氧24h+厌氧20h→ 好氧42h（控温）→ 厌氧42～68h（控温）
P2	60～93	200	200/230	1200	0	21.1～25.8	厌氧42h
P3	94～121	200	230	1200	0	24.2～26.2	厌氧40h→36h→ 30h→24h
P4	122～146	200	230/250	1200	0	24.9～27.9	厌氧18h→16h→14h
P5	147～155	200	250	1200	0	25.0～26.9	厌氧12h
P6	156～170	200	250	1200	0	24.0～26.9	厌氧12h+厌氧9h
P7	171～192	200	250	1200	0	24.1～27.3	厌氧10h+厌氧10h
P8	193～230	200	250	1200	0	19.4～25.7	厌氧8h+厌氧8h→厌氧10h

运行阶段	多样性指数					属的相对丰度
运行阶段	ACE	Chao	Shannon	Simpson	Coverage	Candidatus_Kuenenia	Denitratisoma	Arenimonas	Truepera
P0	1165.7	1154.5	4.9	0.025	0.997	0.80%	0.90%	3.20%	4.00%
P1	1196.3	1184.1	4.6	0.035	0.997	2.20%	4.00%	4.40%	7.10%
P2	1154.6	1138.5	4.5	0.035	0.997	9.50%	7.00%	6.10%	7.90%
P3	961.2	969.6	4.5	0.031	0.996	3.90%	9.80%	7.30%	8.30%
P4	937.6	920.4	4.2	0.046	0.996	11.30%	12.80%	7.90%	8.10%
P5	937.9	925.1	4.4	0.039	0.997	3.40%	14.40%	6.80%	7.60%
P6	930.8	929.3	4.1	0.050	0.996	8.00%	16.80%	6.80%	8.90%
P7	926.8	954.1	3.9	0.062	0.997	14.60%	15.80%	9.40%	8.10%
P8	857.0	845.3	3.7	0.081	0.996	20.40%	15.20%	10.10%	8.90%

运行阶段	多样性指数					属的相对丰度
运行阶段	ACE	Chao	Shannon	Simpson	Coverage	Candidatus_Kuenenia	Denitratisoma	Arenimonas	Truepera
P0	1165.7	1154.5	4.9	0.025	0.997	0.80%	0.90%	3.20%	4.00%
P1	1196.3	1184.1	4.6	0.035	0.997	2.20%	4.00%	4.40%	7.10%
P2	1154.6	1138.5	4.5	0.035	0.997	9.50%	7.00%	6.10%	7.90%
P3	961.2	969.6	4.5	0.031	0.996	3.90%	9.80%	7.30%	8.30%
P4	937.6	920.4	4.2	0.046	0.996	11.30%	12.80%	7.90%	8.10%
P5	937.9	925.1	4.4	0.039	0.997	3.40%	14.40%	6.80%	7.60%
P6	930.8	929.3	4.1	0.050	0.996	8.00%	16.80%	6.80%	8.90%
P7	926.8	954.1	3.9	0.062	0.997	14.60%	15.80%	9.40%	8.10%
P8	857.0	845.3	3.7	0.081	0.996	20.40%	15.20%	10.10%	8.90%

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