Abstract:

With the continuous development of industry, the consumption of mineral resources such as coal, oil shale, magnesite and iron ore has been increasing, resulting in a large amount of inorganic industrial solid waste. Inefficient solid waste disposal methods to date have led to significant environmental pollution and resource waste. In this work, a high-temperature thermochemical conversion method for industrial solid waste was proposed, directly converting the solid waste into high-value-added materials. This conversion method determined the target products and reaction temperatures through thermodynamic analysis and utilizing fluidized beds to take their advantages, such as high heat and mass transfer efficiency, which were easy to scale up and to promote solid-solid high-temperature thermochemical reactions among various chemical components in solid wastes. This process produced composite powders for direct use or other higher-value end products through further processing. Experiments conducted with various solid waste materials, such as magnesite flotation tailings, boron mud, oil shale residue, iron tailings, alumina ash and coal gangue, had validated the feasibility of this method. Experimental results demonstrated that utilizing high-temperature fluidized bed thermochemical reaction technology can successfully convert inorganic industrial solid waste into high-value-added products. This research provided a new approach to effectively utilize inorganic industrial solid waste, reduce resource load, protect the ecological environment and promote green, low-carbon, and sustainable development.It also offered specific data support for the comprehensive utilization of related solid waste materials.

Key words: inorganic industrial solid waste, high-temperature thermochemistry, fluidization, particle technique, multiphase powder material

摘要：

随着工业的持续发展，煤、油页岩、菱镁矿、铁矿等矿物资源的用量不断增加，产生大量无机工业固体废弃物，低效的固废处置方式造成了巨大的环境污染和资源浪费。基于常见典型工业固体废弃物的化学组成，结合热力学分析结果，提出一种工业固体废弃物高温热化学转化方法，直接将无机工业固体废弃物转化为高附加值材料。该高温热化学转化方法通过热力学分析确定理想的目标产物及反应温度，利用热质传递效率高和易于放大的流化床，使单一或多种固体废弃物混合物中的各化学成分间发生固-固高温热化学反应，制成所需的复相材料使用或经进一步加工制得具有更高附加值的终端产品。通过对菱镁矿浮选尾矿、硼泥、油页岩渣、铁尾矿、铝灰、煤矸石等多种固体废弃物实验，获得了相应的复相粉体材料，验证了该方法的可行性。同时，通过选择性混合多种固体废弃物，改变反应物组成，可以调控目标产物及其含量。实验结果表明，利用高温流态化热化学反应技术，无机工业固体废弃物可成功转化为高附加值产物。研究成果对实现无机工业固体废弃物的有效利用、减少资源浪费、保护生态环境、推动绿色、低碳和可持续发展提供了又一途径，也为相关固体废弃物的综合利用提供了具体数据支撑。

关键词: 无机工业固体废弃物, 高温热化学, 流态化, 颗粒技术, 复相粉体材料