Abstract:

Under the background of carbon peak and carbon neutrality, the standard method of manual determination of flue gas velocity and volume flow rate, as a reference method, urgently needs to be improved, while the requirements of carbon emission monitoring and measurement accuracy are raised in China. In this case, the current situation of manual monitoring methods were reviewed, including the requirements of measurement sites, layout of measurement points and determination methods, on the basis of which the current problems and improvement direction of monitoring methods in China were proposed. In terms of measurement sites, standards from various countries have specific requirements for the distance between the measurement site and the flow disturbance, but there are certain differences in details. Compared with American, European, and ISO standards, Chinese standards lack specific rules of verification of airflow direction and flow field homogeneity. In terms of measurement points, the method for determining the number of measurement points in standards of the United States differs greatly from standards of other countries, while Chinese standards are similar to European and ISO standards. The layout methods of measurement points in standards of various countries are all grid method. In terms of determination methods of velocity and volume flow rate, there is a significant gap between China and other country in the development of standards in China, especially lacking three-dimensional or two-dimensional pitot tube methods to improve the accuracy of measurement results, the measurement methods of wall effects adjustment fact to reduce measurement errors, measurement uncertainty evaluation methods aimed at evaluating the accuracy of results, and so on. On this account, it is necessary for China to accelerate the development of manual monitoring standard methods for flue gas flow velocity and flow rate from multi-aspects.

Key words: flue gas velocity and flow rate, manual monitoring, measurement sites, measurement points, determination methods

摘要：

“双碳”背景下，随着国家对碳排放监测准确度要求的提高，作为参比方法的烟气流速与流量手工监测标准方法急需进一步完善。针对此情况，从烟道测量位置要求、测量点的布置及测量方法等方面，综述了当前国内外烟气流速与流量手工监测方法的现状，并在此基础上提出了我国监测方法面临的问题及完善方向。关于测量位置，各国标准均对测量位置与流动扰动的距离有具体要求，细节方面存在一定差异，与美国、欧洲和ISO标准相比，我国标准缺少对测量位置气流方向及流场均匀性检查验证的具体规定。关于测量点，美国标准中测量点数的确定方法与各国标准差别较大，我国标准则与欧洲和ISO标准相似，各国标准中测量点的布置均采用网格法。关于流速与流量测量方法，我国标准制定方面存在明显差距，尤其缺少如提高测量结果准确度的三维或二维皮托管法、降低测量误差的壁面调整系数测量法及评价结果准确度的针对性测量不确定度评定方法等。有鉴于此，我国有必要从多方面加快完善烟气流速与流量手工监测标准方法的制定。

关键词: 烟气流速与流量, 手工监测, 测量位置, 测量点, 测量方法