Progress on carbon materials derived from waste plastic for supercapacitors

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-0597

Abstract

Abstract:

The overuse of plastic products has caused serious environmental problems. It is of great importance to recycle waste plastics and convert them into high value-added materials, which can reduce pollution and save energy effectively. In this review, firstly, the application of supercapacitors and the current state of plastic recycling were stated, and waste plastic treatment methods, the energy storage characteristics of supercapacitors and the potential value of using waste plastics to prepare carbon materials for supercapacitors were introduced. Then, the preparation methods of porous carbon electrode materials were presented, and the specific requirements of the methods and their advantages and disadvantages were briefly analyzed. Next, some kinds of common plastics were introduced according to the type of plastics, and the research status of these common plastics used as carbon materials for supercapacitor was summarized. Recycling and converting waste plastics into activated carbon materials for supercapacitors was a new type of waste plastic recycling and reuse mothed, which can solve the problem of white pollution effectively.

Key words: waste plastics, supercapacitor, porous carbon, electrode materials

摘要：

塑料制品的过度使用，导致了严重的环境问题。将废旧塑料回收并转化为高附加值的碳材料并用于超级电容器等储能装置有着重要的意义，能够有效地降低环境污染并节约能源。本文首先对超级电容器的应用情况和塑料的使用以及回收处理现状进行了简单叙述，介绍了常见的废弃塑料处理方法、超级电容器的储能特点以及利用废弃塑料制备超级电容器碳材料的潜在价值；接着介绍了多孔碳电极材料的制备方法，对不同的制备方法的具体要求及其优缺点进行了简单分析；随后介绍了几种生活中常见的塑料，按照这些塑料的种类，分别对这些常见塑料回收用作超级电容器碳材料的研究现状进行了详细概述；最后对目前的研究现状进行总结，并对未来的研究方向进行展望。将废弃塑料回收并转化为超级电容器用活性碳材料，是一种新型的废弃塑料回收再利用的有效手段，能够有效地解决白色污染问题。

关键词: 废旧塑料, 超级电容器, 多孔碳, 电极材料

CLC Number:

GUO Guanlun, LIU Rui, YU Yangyang, WANG Yun. Progress on carbon materials derived from waste plastic for supercapacitors[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(2): 781-790.

郭冠伦, 刘锐, 余洋洋, 汪云. 塑料衍生碳材料用于超级电容器的研究现状[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(2): 781-790.

Figures/Tables 6

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合成的材料	塑料类型	测试系统	电解质	比电容/F·g^-1	扫描电压或电流密度	参考文献
Carbon-3∶1	PET	三电极	6mol/L KOH	402	1A/g	［2］
Carbon-2∶1∶2	PTFE	三电极	6mol/L KOH	237	1A/g	［2］
PTFE-1∶1-700	PTFE	三电极	6mol/L KOH	33.5	1A/g	［2］
PVC-1∶1-700	PVC	三电极	6mol/L KOH	31.7	1A/g	［2］
PVDF-1∶1-700	PVDF	三电极	6mol/L KOH	89.6	1A/g	［2］
PCF	PS	三电极	6mol/L KOH	126	1mV/s	［3］
PCF-mol/LnO₂	PS	三电极	6mol/L KOH	308	1mV/s	［3］
NG	PET	两电极	6mol/L KOH	405	1A/g	［12］
PCNS	PET	两电极	6mol/L KOH	169	—	［13］
NiO _x @NPC	PET	三电极	6mol/L KOH	581.3	5mV/s	［14］
ZnO@MC	PET	两电极	6mol/L KOH	97	5mV/s	［15］
Co₃O₄@MC	PET	两电极	6mol/L KOH	180	5mV/s	［15］
N-MC	PET	三电极	6mol/L KOH	295	0.5A/g	［16］
P750	PET	两电极	6mol/L KOH	32.6	2.5mA/cm²	［17］
PCS-MnO₂	PET	三电极	6mol/L KOH	210.5	0.5A/g	［18］
HPC	PET	三电极	6mol/L KOH	413±19	0.5A/g	［19］
PAC/MoS₂	PET	三电极	0.5mol/L Na₂SO₄	214	—	［20］
PAC/MoS₂//C	PET	三电极	0.5mol/L Na₂SO₄	288	—	［20］
AC-K	PET	三电极	6mol/L KOH	325	0.5A/g	［21］
PMC-700	PET	三电极	6mol/L KOH	296	1A/g	［22］
活性炭	LDPE	两电极	1mol/L TEABF₄/PC	20	—	［23］
HPC	LDPE	三电极	6mol/L KOH	355	0.2A/g	［24］
PE-HPC-900NH3	PE	三电极	6mol/L KOH	244	0.2A/g	［25］
ANC	PVC	三电极	6mol/L KOH	345	50mA/g	［27］
PW-C	PVC	三电极	6mol/L KOH	399	1A/g	［28］
GN	混合塑料	两电极	1mol/L H₃PO₄	398	0.005V/s	［29］
CMS-3	PP	三电极	6mol/L KOH	328.9	1A/g	［30］
3D网状多孔碳	PS	三电极	6mol/L KOH	208	1A/g	［31］
N-PCN	PS	三电极	6mol/L KOH	149	0.5A/g	［32］
PCF-MnO₂	PS	两电极	5mol/L LiCl	308	1mV/s	［33］
CNS	PS	三电极	6mol/L KOH	323	0.5A/g	［34］
U-3DHPC	PS	三电极	6mol/L KOH	284.1	0.5A/g	［35］
PCS-3	PS	两电极	1mol/L H₂SO₄	135	1mV/s	［36］
SPC8H	PS	三电极	3mol/L KOH	158	1A/g	［37］
PTFE-1∶3-700	PTFE	三电极	6mol/L KOH	313.7	0.5A/g	［38］
PVDF-1∶3-700	PVDF	三电极	6mol/L KOH	126.7	0.5A/g	［38］
PVC-1∶3-700	PVC	三电极	6mol/L KOH	41.9	0.5A/g	［38］
NS-DCM	PVDC	三电极	1mol/L H₂SO₄	427	1.0A/g	［39］
PUUPC-800-2	PU	三电极	1mol/L Li₂SO₄	99	0.1A/g	［40］

合成的材料	塑料类型	测试系统	电解质	比电容/F·g^-1	扫描电压或电流密度	参考文献
Carbon-3∶1	PET	三电极	6mol/L KOH	402	1A/g	［2］
Carbon-2∶1∶2	PTFE	三电极	6mol/L KOH	237	1A/g	［2］
PTFE-1∶1-700	PTFE	三电极	6mol/L KOH	33.5	1A/g	［2］
PVC-1∶1-700	PVC	三电极	6mol/L KOH	31.7	1A/g	［2］
PVDF-1∶1-700	PVDF	三电极	6mol/L KOH	89.6	1A/g	［2］
PCF	PS	三电极	6mol/L KOH	126	1mV/s	［3］
PCF-mol/LnO₂	PS	三电极	6mol/L KOH	308	1mV/s	［3］
NG	PET	两电极	6mol/L KOH	405	1A/g	［12］
PCNS	PET	两电极	6mol/L KOH	169	—	［13］
NiO _x @NPC	PET	三电极	6mol/L KOH	581.3	5mV/s	［14］
ZnO@MC	PET	两电极	6mol/L KOH	97	5mV/s	［15］
Co₃O₄@MC	PET	两电极	6mol/L KOH	180	5mV/s	［15］
N-MC	PET	三电极	6mol/L KOH	295	0.5A/g	［16］
P750	PET	两电极	6mol/L KOH	32.6	2.5mA/cm²	［17］
PCS-MnO₂	PET	三电极	6mol/L KOH	210.5	0.5A/g	［18］
HPC	PET	三电极	6mol/L KOH	413±19	0.5A/g	［19］
PAC/MoS₂	PET	三电极	0.5mol/L Na₂SO₄	214	—	［20］
PAC/MoS₂//C	PET	三电极	0.5mol/L Na₂SO₄	288	—	［20］
AC-K	PET	三电极	6mol/L KOH	325	0.5A/g	［21］
PMC-700	PET	三电极	6mol/L KOH	296	1A/g	［22］
活性炭	LDPE	两电极	1mol/L TEABF₄/PC	20	—	［23］
HPC	LDPE	三电极	6mol/L KOH	355	0.2A/g	［24］
PE-HPC-900NH3	PE	三电极	6mol/L KOH	244	0.2A/g	［25］
ANC	PVC	三电极	6mol/L KOH	345	50mA/g	［27］
PW-C	PVC	三电极	6mol/L KOH	399	1A/g	［28］
GN	混合塑料	两电极	1mol/L H₃PO₄	398	0.005V/s	［29］
CMS-3	PP	三电极	6mol/L KOH	328.9	1A/g	［30］
3D网状多孔碳	PS	三电极	6mol/L KOH	208	1A/g	［31］
N-PCN	PS	三电极	6mol/L KOH	149	0.5A/g	［32］
PCF-MnO₂	PS	两电极	5mol/L LiCl	308	1mV/s	［33］
CNS	PS	三电极	6mol/L KOH	323	0.5A/g	［34］
U-3DHPC	PS	三电极	6mol/L KOH	284.1	0.5A/g	［35］
PCS-3	PS	两电极	1mol/L H₂SO₄	135	1mV/s	［36］
SPC8H	PS	三电极	3mol/L KOH	158	1A/g	［37］
PTFE-1∶3-700	PTFE	三电极	6mol/L KOH	313.7	0.5A/g	［38］
PVDF-1∶3-700	PVDF	三电极	6mol/L KOH	126.7	0.5A/g	［38］
PVC-1∶3-700	PVC	三电极	6mol/L KOH	41.9	0.5A/g	［38］
NS-DCM	PVDC	三电极	1mol/L H₂SO₄	427	1.0A/g	［39］
PUUPC-800-2	PU	三电极	1mol/L Li₂SO₄	99	0.1A/g	［40］

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