化工进展 ›› 2015, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (08): 3015-3018,3064.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2015.08.017

• 能源加工与技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

高酸值废弃油脂制备生物柴油的预酯化

刘朋, 蒋剑春, 陈水根, 徐俊明, 李静, 夏海虹   

  1. 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所, 生物质化学利用国家工程实验室, 国家林业局林产化学工程重点开放性实验室, 江苏省生物质能源与材料重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210042
  • 收稿日期:2014-12-26 修回日期:2015-02-12 出版日期:2015-08-05 发布日期:2015-08-05
  • 通讯作者: 蒋剑春,研究员,博士生导师,主要从事生物质能源转化利用和活性炭制备利用研究。E-mail bio-energy@163.com。
  • 作者简介:刘朋(1988—),男,硕士,研究实习员,研究方向为油脂资源化利用。
  • 基金资助:
    国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD17B01-1)。

Pre-esterification in the preparation of biodiesel from waste oil with high acid value

LIU Peng, JIANG Jianchun, CHEN Shuigen, XU Junming, LI Jing, XIA Haihong   

  1. Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF;National Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical Utilization;Key and Open Lab on Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA;Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2014-12-26 Revised:2015-02-12 Online:2015-08-05 Published:2015-08-05

摘要: 为了有效解决现有酯化体系中存在反应慢、时间长、产能低等问题,提出了一种高温下甲醇连续酯化反应的新技术,并采用该技术以对甲苯磺酸为催化剂催化高酸值废弃油脂预酯化试验研究。系统讨论了不同酯化方法对反应的影响,并着重研究了工艺条件对预酯化效果的影响。实验结果表明:高温下甲醇连续酯化的新技术可显著提高酯化反应效率,在反应温度120℃、甲醇流量4.0mL/min、催化剂加入量0.8%的条件下,酯化率达98.8%以上,可将油脂的酸值降至1.0mgKOH/g以下,满足下一步酯交换制备生物柴油的要求;并基于实验研究的基础上将该技术工艺对不同酸值的废弃油脂进行了放大试验研究,皆取得了较好的酯化效果,为产业化、规模化的应用提供理论依据和参数指导。

关键词: 高酸值废弃油脂, 预酯化, 制备, 生物柴油, 放大

Abstract: To improve the enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass, ethylene glycol assisted with hydrochloric acid was used for pretreating hickory shell in this study. After the optimization in oil-bath system, the optimal pretreatment condition was obtained as following:the pretreatment media was hydrochloric acid-ethylene glycol-water (1.2%:88.8%:10%, mass ratio), pretreatment temperature 130℃, and pretreatment time 30min. In order to reduce the pretreatment temperature and time, microwave radiation was employed to assist the pretreatment with hydrochloric acid-ethylene glycol-water (1.2%:88.8%:10%, mass ratio) media, and the optimal pretreatment condition was achieved as following:microwave radiation temperature 100℃, microwave radiation time 5min, and microwave radiation power 200W. These results showed that the saccharification rate of pretreated hickory shell was higher than that of untreated one. After the pretreatment with oil-bath and microwave radiation, the reducing sugar yield from the enzymatic hydrolysis could reach 88.6% (oil bath) and 74.2% (microwave) after 72h. By using electron microscopy (SEM) and infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis, the structure of pretreated hickory shell was destroyed, the structure became loose, and porous were easier to be enzymatically hydrolyzed, which increased the enzyme accessibility, thereby greatly improving the saccharification rate. Therefore, the pretreatment with hydrochloric acid-ethylene glycol-water solution can improve the efficiency of the enzymatic saccharification of hickory shell.

Key words: waste oil with high acid value, pre-esterification, preparation, biodiesel, scale-up

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